Kartel

Kartel

A Kartel is the Dutch term for an electoral alliance between two or more parties in Belgium.

In a system of proportional representation in which the country is divided in multiple electoral districts, such as Belgium the treshold to obtain one seat can be very high (5% of votes since 2003), which also favours larger parties. Therefore some parties pool their voters in order to gain more (or any seats).

The SP.A-SPIRIT cartel between the socialist SP.A and the left-liberal SPIRIT is an example of such a cartel. On several occasions some or all Flemish parties bundled forces on 'Vlaams Kartel' lists for municipal elections in Brussels (in Dutch Vlaams Kartel), sometimes getting together one or two seats in the municipal council, sometimes getting none. As these parties are minority parties in every Brussels municipality, i.e. the parties of an ethnic or linguistic minority (on the average 15% of the population), this is a case of an electoral coalition of ethnic parties. There were such Kartel lists, whose composition differed from one municipality to another, in Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G5_374.html 1976] and [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G4_374.html 1982] , in Oudergem in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G5_358.html 1976] , [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G4_358.html 1982] and [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G3_358.html 1988] , in Anderlecht in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G3_357.html 1988] , in Etterbeek in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G5_361.html 1976] , [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G4_361.html 1982] and [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G3_361.html 1988] , in Sint-Gillis in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G5_369.html 1976] , [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G4_369.html 1982] , in Sint-Joost-ten-Node in [http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/G4_370.html 1982] .

Current Belgian Kartels

*CD&V / N-VA
*SP.A / SPIRIT
*Open VLD, composed of VLD, Vivant and Liberal Appeal
*MR, composed of PRL, MCC, FDF and PFF
*Vlaams Belang / VLOTT (only in municipal elections)


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