Towboat

A towboat is a boat designed for pushing barges. Towboats are characterized by a square bow with steel knees for pushing and powerful engines. They are most often seen on inland waterways and western rivers where they can push more than 50 large barges lashed together into a tow of varying shapes and sizes. Towboats that travel long distances (linehaul) include living quarters for the crew. Outside of the USA towboats are usually referred to as "push boats" or "pushers".

Towboat size

Towboats range in size from convert|600|hp|0 up to over convert|12500|hp|0. Most towboats can vary in length from convert|35|ft|0 to convert|200|ft|0, and vary in width from convert|21|ft|0 to convert|56|ft|0 wide. Smaller boats are used in harbors, fleeting areas and around locks while larger boats operate in "line-haul" operations and inter-city routes. In the United States below St. Louis on the Lower Mississippi river, the river is open with no locks or impediments other than channel size and depth. So larger boats run this segment of the river with the maximum tow size of 42 barges southbound and 40+ northbound. A "box", so called due to the shape is convert|100|ft|0 x convert|35|ft|0, a "rake", so called due to the raked bow end, is convert|195|ft|0 x convert|35|ft|0. so 40 barges would be over convert|1200|ft|0 long and occupy over convert|6|acre|0 of area.

In the United States above St. Louis on the Upper Mississippi River and on other rivers such as the Illinois, Ohio, Arkansas, Tennessee and Cumberland, boats can handle only up to 15 barges due the size of lock chambers. These boats tend to be limited to convert|5000|hp|0.

Towboats in line-haul service operate 24/7 and have the latest in navigational equipment, such as color radar, GPS systems, electronic river charts, and specialized radio communications.

Boats that traverse the Intra-Coastal Waterway ((ICW)) are commonly referred to as ditch boats, and river boats are just that, river boats. ICW tows usually consist of 1 to 4 barges ranging in size, usually "strung out" end to end or "doubled up" side by side.

Towboats always push the fleet of barges, which are lashed together with steel cables usually convert|1|in|mm to convert|1.5|in|mm in thickness. The term towboat arises from steamboat days, when steamboat fortunes began to decline and to survive steamboats began to "tow" wooden barges alongside to earn additional revenue. Eventually the railroad expansion following the American Civil War ended the steamboat era.

"Not to be confused with the historic boat type with the same name, also called horse-drawn boat."

ee also

*Riverboat
*Sampan
*Tugboat