Influenza A virus subtype H9N2

H9N2 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). In 1999 and 2003, an H9N2 influenza strain caused illness in three people, aged one, four and five years old, in Hong Kong. All three patients recovered. In 2007 an H9N2 influenza strain caused illness in a 9-month old baby in Hong Kong. [ [http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/useful/ltod/h9n2_2003dec10_e.htm Influenza A (H9N2) infection in a 5-year-old boy] - 10 December 2003
* [http://www.cdc.gov/od/oc/media/pressrel/r990408.htm CDC report on Influenza A(H9N2) infections in Hong Kong] - 8 April 1999
* [http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol8no2/pdf/01-0148.pdf Lack of Evidence for Human-to-Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses in Hong Kong, China, 1999] - from Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 8, No 2, February 2002
* [http://english.people.com.cn/200703/20/eng20070320_359467.html People's Daily Online] article "Hong Kong reports human case of H9N2" published March 20, 2007]

"H9N2 influenza viruses of domestic ducks have become established in the domestic poultry of Asia. Phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of the H9N2 viruses isolated from Hong Kong markets suggest three distinct sublineages. Among the chicken H9N2 viruses, six of the gene segments were apparently derived from an earlier chicken H9N2 virus isolated in China, whereas the PB1 and PB2 genes are closely related to those of the H5N1 viruses and a quail H9N2 virus A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (Qa/HK/G1/97) suggesting that many of the 1997 chicken H9 isolates in the markets were reassortants." [ [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/96/16/9363 PNAS] ]

"The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has issued a task order under an existing contract to Chiron Corporation of Emeryville, CA, for the production of an investigational vaccine based on an H9N2 strain of avian influenza virus that has infected humans and has the potential to trigger a modern-day pandemic." [ [http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/news/newsreleases/2004/h9n2.htm NAID NIH] ]

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Further reading

* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/queryd.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16026813&dopt=Abstract NCBI - Virology. 2005 Sep 15;340(1):70-83.] article "Evolution of H9N2 influenza viruses from domestic poultry in Mainland China" by Li C, Yu K, Tian G, Yu D, Liu L, Jing B, Ping J, Chen H - "Our findings suggest that urgent attention should be paid to the control of H9N2 influenza viruses in animals and to the human's influenza pandemic preparedness."