Ophthalmia neonatorum

Ophthalmia neonatorum

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption = A newborn with gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.
DiseasesDB = 9237
ICD10 = ICD10|A|54|3|a|50, ICD10|P|39|1|p|35
ICD9 = ICD9|098.40, ICD9|771.6
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj = oph
eMedicineTopic = 325
MeshID = D009878

Ophthalmia neonatorum is a form of bacterial conjunctivitis contracted by newborns during delivery. The baby's eyes are contaminated during passage through the birth canal from a mother infected with either "Neisseria gonorrhoeae" or "Chlamydia trachomatis". Eyedrops containing erythromycin are typically used to prevent the condition.cite web | url = http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001606.htm | title = MedlinePlus - Neonatal Conjunctivitis | accessdate = 2008-08-28] If left untreated it can cause blindness.

Ophthalmia neonatorum, also known as neonatal conjunctivitis, can also be caused by other bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants (such as silver nitrate). Thus, silver nitrate is not used commonly anymore, because it can cause chemical conjunctivitis, which usually clears up within 2 to 4 days. In most countries neomycin and chloramphenicol eye drops are being used instead.

Ophthalmia neonatorum due to gonococci ("Neisseria gonorrhoeae") typically manifests in the first 5 days of life and is associated with marked bilateral purulent discharge. In contrast, conjunctivitis secondary to infection with chlamydia ("Chlamydia trachomatis") produces conjunctivitis after day 3 of life, but may occur up to 2 weeks after delivery. Babies infected with chlamydia may develop pneumonitis (chest infection) at a later stage (range 2 weeks - 19 weeks after delivery). Infants with chlamydia pneumonitis should be treated with oral erythromycin for 14 days. [cite web |url=http://aapredbook.aappublications.org/ |title=Red Book - Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 29th Edition. The American Academy of Pediatrics. |accessdate=2007-07-12 |format= |work=]

Erythromycin eye drops used for N. Gonnorhea conjunctivitis do not protect against chlamydial conjunctivitis.

References

ee also

*List of systemic diseases with ocular manifestations

Gonococcal infection in eyes is uncommon now a days but very serious. Quinolone topical antibiotic eye drops are effective. 10% sulphacetamide may be a good alternative.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • ophthalmia neonatorum — ophthalmia neo·na·to·rum .nē ə nə tōr əm n acute inflammation of the eyes of a newborn from infection during passage through the birth canal * * * a form of conjunctivitis occurring in newborn infants, who contract the disease as they pass… …   Medical dictionary

  • Ophthalmia neonatorum — Gonoblennorrhoe Klassifikation nach …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • ophthalmia neonatorum — noun ophthalmia in newborns; contracted while passing through the birth canal; usually prevented with silver nitrate drops • Hypernyms: ↑ophthalmia, ↑ophthalmitis * * * ˌnēənəˈtōrəm noun Etymology: New Latin : acute inflammation of the eyes in… …   Useful english dictionary

  • ophthalmia neonatorum — /nee euh neuh tawr euhm, tohr /, Pathol. inflammation of the eyes of a newborn child due to an infectious disease, as gonorrhea, contracted during birth from the infected mother. [ < NL: ophthalmia of the newborn (pl.)] * * * …   Universalium

  • ophthalmia neonatorum — (of thal me ah ne o nat or um) A gonorrheal eye infection in a newborn, which may lead to blindness. Also called conjunctivitis of the newborn …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • ophthalmia neonatorum — a form of conjunctivitis occurring in newborn infants, who contract the disease as they pass through an infected birth canal. The two most common infections are gonorrhoea and Chlamydia (see inclusion conjunctivitis); if untreated, the infection… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • neonatorum — see ERYTHROBLASTOSIS NEONATORUM, ICTERUS GRAVIS NEONATORUM, ICTERUS NEONATORUM, OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM …   Medical dictionary

  • Ophthalmia — Ophthalmitis redirects here. For the genus of geometer moth, see Ophthalmitis (moth). Ophthalmia (also called ophthalmitis) is inflammation of the eye. It is a medical sign which may be indicative of various conditions, including sympathetic… …   Wikipedia

  • Ophthalmia — Inflammation of the eye. Also known as ophthalmitis. * * * 1. Severe, often purulent, conjunctivitis. 2. Inflammation of the deeper structures of the eye. [G.] catarrhal o. a mild form of conjunctivitis with mucopurulent secretion. caterpillar… …   Medical dictionary

  • oftalmía neonatorum — Eng. Neonatorum ophthalmia Conjuntivitis purulenta del recién nacido de gran agresividad de origen gonocócico y que es adquirida durante el paso a través del canal del parto. Conjuntivitis gonocócica neonatal. Oftalmía del recién nacido.… …   Diccionario de oftalmología

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