Mizuno Tadakuni

Mizuno Tadakuni
Mizuno Tadakuni
水野忠邦

contemporary portrait
Born July 19, 1794(1794-07-19)
Died March 12, 1851(1851-03-12) (aged 56)
Yamagata, Japan
Nationality Japanese
Occupation Daimyō; Rōjū

Mizuno Tadakuni (水野 忠邦?, July 19, 1794 – March 12, 1851) was a daimyō during late-Edo period Japan, who later served as chief senior councilor (Rōjū) in service to the Tokugawa Shogunate. He is remembered for having instituted the Tenpo Reform.


Biography

Mizuno Tadakuni was the second son of Mizuno Tadaaki, the daimyō of Karatsu Domain. As his elder brother died at an early age, Tadakuni became heir in 1805 and was presented to Shogun Tokugawa Ienari and future Shogun Tokugawa Ieyoshi in a formal audience in 1807. In 1812, on the retirement of his father, he became head of the Mizuno clan and daimyō of Karatsu. He entered the service of the Tokugawa shogunate as a Sōshaban (Master of Ceremonies) at Edo Castle in 1816. However, faced with increasing difficulties over the policing of the foreign trade port of Nagasaki, in 1817, Tadakuni petitioned to be transferred from the Karatsu Domain to the much smaller Hamamatsu Domain in Tōtōmi Province. Although both domains were ranked officially at 70,000 koku, Karatsu Domain had an effective income of 253,000 koku as opposed to only 153,000 koku for Hamamatsu. As a consequence, this transfer was met with outrage and disbelief by his senior retainers, resulting in the seppuku of his senior advisor, but Tadakuni would not be dissuaded. The same year, within the shogunal administration, he received the post of Jisha-bugyō (Commissioner of Shrine and Temples).

In 1825, Tadakuni received the post of Osaka jōdai (Castellan of Osaka), with a promotion to Lower 4th Court Rank. [1] The following year (1826), he became Kyoto Shoshidai, the shogunate’s official representative to the Court in Kyoto. His courtesy title was changed from Izumi-no-kami to Echizen-no-kami. In 1828, Tadakuni became a Rōju. He steadily rose through the ranks of the Rōjū to become Senior Rōjū in 1839.

As Rōjū Mizuno Tadakuni wielded tremendous political power, and attempted to overhaul the shogunate’s finances and social controls in the aftermath of the Great Tempo Famine of 1832-36 by the passage of numerous sumptuary laws which came to be known as the Tenpo Reform. The Reform tried to stabilize the economy, through a return to the frugality, simplicity and discipline that were characteristic from the early Edo period by banning most forms of entertainment and displays of wealth. The proved extremely unpopular with the commoners. Another part of the Reform included the Agechi-rei which was to have daimyō in the vicinity of Edo and Ōsaka surrender their holdings for equal amounts of land elsewhere, thereby consolidating Tokugawa control over these strategically vital areas. However, this was also greatly unpopular amongst daimyō of all ranks and income levels. The general failure of the Reforms caused Tadakuni to lose favor. To complicate his situation future, in May 1844, Edo Castle burned down. On February 22, 1845 he was relieved of his position in the government, and on September 2, 1845 he was exiled to Yamagata Domain in Dewa Province, where he remained in exile until his death. He died on March 12, 1851, five days before word of his release from exile would have reached him. He was succeeded by his son Mizuno Tadakiyo, who was also an important figure in the late Tokugawa shogunate.

Mizuno Tadakuni was married to a daughter of Sakai Tadayuki, a wakadoshiyori and daimyō of Obama Domain.

References

Notes

  1. ^ Crawcour, E. Sydney. (1997). "Economic Change in the 19th Century," p. 24 in The Economic Emergence of Modern Japan, Kōzō Yamamura, ed.
Preceded by
Mizuno Tadaaki
4th Daimyō of Karatsu
(Mizuno)

1812-1817
Succeeded by
Ogasawara Nagamasa
Preceded by
Inoue Masamoto
1st Daimyō of Hamamatsu
(Mizuno)

1817-1845
Succeeded by
Mizuno Tadakiyo
Preceded by
Matsudaira Yasutō
54th Castellan of Osaka
1825-1826
Succeeded by
Matsudaira Muneakira
Preceded by
Matsudaira Yasutō
41st Kyoto Shoshidai
1826-1828
Succeeded by
Matsudaira Muneakira

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • MIZUNO TADAKUNI — (1794 1851) Homme d’État japonais. Né à Karatsu, ville située sur la côte nord de l’île de Ky sh , Mizuno Tadakuni faisait partie d’une des familles de daimy 拏 les plus liées aux Tokugawa par la fidélité dans le service vassalique. Karatsu était… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Mizuno Tadakuni — born July 19, 1794, Edo [Tokyo], Japan died March 12, 1851, Edo Chief adviser to the 12th Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Ieyoshi (r. 1837–53). In the face of social and economic decline, Mizuno tried to implement a series of reforms that would return… …   Universalium

  • Mizuno Tadakuni — (19 jul. 1794, Edo [Tokio], Japón–12 mar. 1851, Edo). Consejero jefe del duodécimo sogún Tokugawa, Tokugawa Ieyoshi (r. 1837–53). Para enfrentar la decadencia social y económica, Mizuno intentó implementar una serie de reformas orientadas a que… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Mizuno clan — Mizuno Family name This is the mon of the Mizuno clan. The Mizuno clan (水野氏, Mizuno shi …   Wikipedia

  • Mizuno Tadakiyo — In this Japanese name, the family name is Mizuno . Mizuno Tadakiyo 水野忠精 Born February 5, 1833(1833 02 05) Died May 8, 1884(1884 05 08) (aged 89) Nationality Japanese …   Wikipedia

  • Mizuno Tadaaki — In this Japanese name, the family name is Mizuno . Mizuno Tadaaki (水野 忠光?, September 28, 1771 – May 23, 1814) was a Japanese daimyo of the Edo period, who ruled the Karatsu Domain. He was the eldest son of the previous lord, Mizuno Tadakane;… …   Wikipedia

  • Mizuno — may refer to: Mizuno Corp., a Japanese sportswear and sports equipment manufacturer Mizuno (daimyo), a political family in Japanese history Mizuno (aircraft manufacturer), a World War II aircraft manufacturer, see also Mizuno Shinryu Mizuno… …   Wikipedia

  • Makino Tadakuni — In this Japanese name, the family name is Makino . Makino Tadakuni 12th Lord of Nagaoka In office 1867–1868 Preceded by Makino Tadayuki Succeeded by Makino Tada …   Wikipedia

  • japan — japanner, n. /jeuh pan /, n., adj., v., japanned, japanning. n. 1. any of various hard, durable, black varnishes, originally from Japan, for coating wood, metal, or other surfaces. 2. work varnished and figured in the Japanese manner. 3. Japans,… …   Universalium

  • Japan — /jeuh pan /, n. 1. a constitutional monarchy on a chain of islands off the E coast of Asia: main islands, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. 125,716,637; 141,529 sq. mi. (366,560 sq. km). Cap.: Tokyo. Japanese, Nihon, Nippon. 2. Sea of, the… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”