Closed kinetic chain exercises

Closed kinetic chain exercises

Closed kinetic chain exercises or closed chain exercises (CKC) are physical exercises performed where the hand (for arm movement) or foot (for leg movement) is fixed and cannot move. The hand/foot remains in constant contact with the surface, usually the ground or the base of a machine. These exercises are typically weight bearing exercises, where an exerciser uses one's own body weight and/ or external weight.

The opposite of CKC exercises are open kinetic chain exercises (OKC). Closed chain exercises are considered safer and more functional compared to open chain exercises.[1] Nonetheless, the two families of exercises can co-exist in enabling rehabilitation and strengthening objectives.[2] Closed chain exercises generally incur compressive forces, while open-chain exercises promote more shearing forces.[3] CKC exercises involve more than one muscle group and joint simultaneously rather than concentrating solely on one, as many OKC exercises do, lending the former to more utilitarian and athletic activities.[4][5]

Closed chain upper body exercises

Push-ups and their derivatives, pull-ups or chin-ups, and dips. These concentrate on a co-contraction of the triceps, biceps, deltoids, pectorals, lats, abdominals and lower back for stabilization in various ratios depending upon angle and leverage.[6]

Closed chain lower body exercises

Squats, deadlifts, lunges, power cleans. These concentrate on a co-contraction of the quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscles. The joints of movement include the knee, hip, and ankle.[6]

References

  1. ^ Open versus closed kinetic chain exercise: issues in rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery. Fitzgerald GK. Phys Ther. 1997 Dec;77(12):1747-54.
  2. ^ Treatment approaches following foot and ankle injury. Seto JL, Brewster CE. Clin Sports Med. 1994 Oct;13(4):695-718.
  3. ^ Electromyographic evaluation of closed and open kinetic chain knee rehabilitation exercises. Graham VL, Gehlsen GM, Edwards JA. J Athl Train. 1993 Spring;28(1):23-30.
  4. ^ The relationship between open and closed kinetic chain strength of the lower limb and jumping performance. Blackburn JR, Morrissey MC. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 Jun;27(6):430-5.
  5. ^ Closed-kinetic chain upper-body training improves throwing performance of NCAA Division I softball players. Prokopy MP, Ingersoll CD, Nordenschild E, Katch FI, Gaesser GA, Weltman A. J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Nov;22(6):1790-8.
  6. ^ a b Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise. A Comprehensive Guide to Multiple Joint Exercises. Todd Ellenbecker, George Davies 2001 ISBN 9780736001700
  • Miller, John P. and Croce, Ronald V. (2007). "Analysis of Isokinetic and Closed Chain Movements for Hamstring Reciprocal Coactivation". Journal of Sport Rehabilitation (16): 319–325. 

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Open kinetic chain exercises — (OKC) or open chain exercises are exercises that are performed where the hand or foot is free to move. These exercises are typically non weight bearing, with the movement occurring at the elbow or knee joint.[1] If there is any weight applied it… …   Wikipedia

  • closed chain exercises — closed kinetic chain exercises exercises in which the kinetic chain of a limb is closed, i.e. the hand or foot cannot swing freely, such as when the foot is on the floor or some other surface …   Medical dictionary

  • kinetic chain — the series of body parts involved in a given movement, including muscles, ligaments, tendons, joints, and the accompanying motor and sensory nerves. See also open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises, under exercise …   Medical dictionary

  • Приседание — Приседания Классификация: Тип Базовое Биомеханика Многосуставное Направление Жимовое Работ …   Википедия

  • Приседания — Приседания …   Википедия

  • education — /ej oo kay sheuhn/, n. 1. the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. 2. the act or process of… …   Universalium

  • literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… …   Universalium

  • Timeline of Islamic science and engineering — This timeline of Islamic science and engineering covers the general development of science and technology in the Islamic world during the Islamic Golden Age, usually dated from the 7th to 16th centuries.From the 17th century onwards, the advances …   Wikipedia

  • ICD-9-CM Volume 3 — is a system of procedural codes. It is a subset of ICD 9 CM (volumes 1 and 2 are used for diagnostic codes.) The United States National Center for Health Statistics drafted ICD 10 PCS in 2000 as a potential replacement for ICD 9 CM Volume 3, but… …   Wikipedia

  • Challenger 2 — FV 4034 Challenger 2 Challenger 2 on manoeuvres on Salisbury Plain Type …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”