Turkish National Movement
- Turkish National Movement
The Turkish National Movement encompasses the political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries which resulted with the creation and shaping of the Republic of Turkey, a consequence of the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of World War I. The Turkish people would gradually unite around the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha and the authority of the Turkish Grand National Assembly set up in Ankara, which pursued the Turkish War of Independence.
The movement terminated the Treaty of Sèvres and negotiated the Treaty of Lausanne, assuring recognition of the national borders, termed Misak-ı Milli ("National Oath").
The national forces were gathered around a progressively defined political ideology that is generally termed "Kemalism", or "Atatürkism". Its basic principles stress the Republic - a form of government representing the power of the electorate, secular administration (laïcité), nationalism, a mixed economy with state participation in many sectors (as opposed to state socialism), and national modernization.
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