Yehud

Infobox Israel municipality
name=Yehud


imgsize=150
caption=Emblem of Yehud
hebname=יהוד
arname=
meaning=
founded=1953
type=city
typefrom=
stdHeb=
altOffSp=
altUnoSp=
district=center
population=25,600
popyear=2007
area=4100
areakm=4.1
mayor=Yossi Ben-David (Yehud-Monosson)

Yehud ( _he. יהוד) is a city in the Center District of Israel in Israel. The population of Yehud was in 2007 approximately 25,600 (not including Neve Monosson - see below).

History

Yehud is mentioned in the Bible in a list of towns in the area ("and Yehud and Bnei Brak and Gat Rimon" - Book of Joshua 19, 45). The Aramaic term Yehud refers to a province under the Persian empire, in the area of what was roughly the Kingdom of Judah which issued small silver coins inscribed with the three letters Yehud. The actual size of Yehud during this time remains debated by scholars (e.g., did it occupy the entirety of the previous kingdom, or was it much smaller). Yehud's constituency also remains debated (e.g., was it comprised only of those Judeans who returned from Babylon, or did these intermix with "the people (already) in the land" - עם הארץ). In later centuries Yehud became the Arab town of Yehudiyya (in literal Arabic: "place of the Jews") but the Arab population left in its entirety during the 1948 Palestine War. The town was repopulated in the early 1950s by Ladino-speaking Jews of Turkish extraction and subsequently also by Jews from Bialystok, Poland and other parts of the Diaspora. The town greatly expanded in later years, developed an industrial and hi-tech area with companies such as IAI and Mercury Interactive and attracted thousands of academics and professionals in new, highly-invested neighborhoods such as Givat Avia and Kiryat HaSavyonim.

Government and politics

In 2003 the Yehud-Monosson Municipality was formed to provide municipal services to Yehud and the neighboring community of Neve Monosson (pop. 2,600). Under the terms of the merger, Neve Monosson remains with a high level of autonomy under the Neve Monosson Local Administration ("minhelet"). The Neve Monosson Local Administration was granted municipal status as an autonomous borough ("vaad rova ironi") by the Interior Minister in 2005 within the implementation of the merger plan. In a practical sense, the Yehud-Monosson Municipality really functions as the municipality of Yehud whilst providing basic statutory municipal services to Neve Monosson on an outsourcing basis.

Demographics

According to CBS, in 2001 the ethnic makeup of the city was all Jewish. See Population groups in Israel.

According to CBS, in 2001 there were 10,500 males and 11,100 females. The population of the city was spread out with 33.4% 19 years of age or younger, 16.1% between 20 and 29, 19.9% between 30 and 44, 18.8% from 45 to 59, 2.9% from 60 to 64, and 8.8% 65 years of age or older. The population growth rate in 2001 was 2.6%.

Income

According to CBS, as of 2000, in the city there were 8,479 salaried workers and 831 are self-employed. The mean monthly wage in 2000 for a salaried worker in the city is ILS 6,679, a real change of 8.4% over the course of 2000. Salaried males have a mean monthly wage of ILS 8,549 (a real change of 7.8%) versus ILS 4,889 for females (a real change of 8.5%). The mean income for the self-employed is 8,327. There are 396 people who receive unemployment benefits and 479 people who receive an income guarantee.

Education

According to CBS, there are 10 schools and 5,159 students in the city. They are spread out as 6 elementary schools and 2,252 elementary school students, and 5 high schools and 2,907 high school students. 54.2% of 12th grade students were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.

port

Hapoel Yehud spent several seasons in the top division of Israeli football during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and won the State Cup in 1982. However, after several relegations the club folded in 1998.

A new club, Hapoel Ironi Yehud, was established in 2004 and currently plays in Liga Gimel.