Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) is a disease of dogs characterized by sudden vomiting and bloody diarrhea. The symptoms are usually severe, and HGE can be fatal if not treated. HGE is most common in young adult dogs of any breed, but especially small dogs such as the Toy Poodle and Miniature Schnauzer.cite book|author=Ettinger, Stephen J.;Feldman, Edward C.|title=Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine|edition=4th ed.|publisher=W.B. Saunders Company|year=1995|id=ISBN 0-7216-6795-3] It is not contagious.

Cause

The cause is uncertain. Suspected causes include abnormal responses to bacteria or bacterial endotoxin, or a hypersensitivity to food.cite web | title = Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis | work = The Merck Veterinary Manual | date = 2006 | url = http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/23311.htm | accessdate = 2007-03-20 ] Pathologically there is an increase in the permeability of the intestinal lining and a leakage of blood and proteins into the bowel. "Clostridium perfringens" has been found in large numbers in the intestines of many affected dogs.

igns and symptoms

Profuse vomiting is usually the first symptom, followed by depression and bloody diarrhea with a foul odor. Severe hypovolemia (low blood volume) is one of the hallmarks of the disease, and severe hemoconcentration (a very high hematocrit) is considered necessary for diagnosis. The progression of HGE is so rapid that hypovolemic shock and death can occur within 24 hours. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a possible sequela of HGE.

Diagnosis

Symptoms of HGE and canine parvovirus (CPV) are similar enough that they need to be differentiated. HGE is different from CPV in that there is no fever or low white blood cell count, and that there is a high hematocrit. A negative fecal parvovirus test is sometimes necessary to completely rule out CPV. Other potential causes of vomiting and diarrhea include gastrointestinal parasites, bacterial infections including "E. coli", "Campylobacter", or "Salmonella", protozoal infections such as coccidiosis or giardiasis, and gastrointestinal cancer.

Treatment

The most important aspect of treatment of HGE is intravenous fluid therapy to replace lost fluid volume. The vomiting and diarrhea are treated symptomatically and will usually resolve after one to two days. Antibiotics targeting "C. perfringens" are also used. With prompt, aggressive treatment, the prognosis is good. There is less than 10 percent mortality with treatment, but 10 to 15 percent of cases will recur.

ee also

*Gastroenteritis

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis — a syndrome of intestinal hemorrhage in dogs, of unknown etiology; characteristics include sudden onset, bloody diarrhea, dehydration, and hemoconcentration, often followed by collapse and death. Smaller dogs are most often affected …   Medical dictionary

  • Viral hemorrhagic fever — Classification and external resources ICD 10 A96 A …   Wikipedia

  • Nairovirus — Virus classification Group: Group V (( )ssRNA) Order: Unassigned Family: Bunyaviridae …   Wikipedia

  • List of dog diseases — This list of dog diseases is a continuously updated selection of diseases and other conditions found in the dog. Some of these diseases are unique to dogs or closely related species, while others are found in other animals, including humans. Not… …   Wikipedia

  • Nairobi sheep disease — Nai·ro·bi sheep disease nī rō bē n a severe and frequently fatal gastroenteritis of sheep or sometimes goats that occurs in parts of Kenya and is caused by a single stranded RNA virus of the family Bunyaviridae (species Nairobi sheep virus of the …   Medical dictionary

  • Cestrum — Ces·trum (sesґtrum) a genus of tropical plants of the family Solanaceae. Several species cause hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and liver and kidney degeneration in animals. C. diurґnum, the day jasmine, is a West Indian plant that causes enzootic… …   Medical dictionary

  • HGE — may stand for: *Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis *Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, today called human anaplasmosis [ [http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/anaplasmosis/basics.html Human Anaplasmosis Basics Minnesota Dept. of Health] ]… …   Wikipedia

  • Virus — A microorganism smaller than a bacteria, which cannot grow or reproduce apart from a living cell. A virus invades living cells and uses their chemical machinery to keep itself alive and to replicate itself. It may reproduce with fidelity or with… …   Medical dictionary

  • List of viruses — This is a list of biological viruses. See also List of computer viruses This is a list of biological viruses, and types of viruses. Please add to this list as appropriate. Note that some of these terms may be synonyms for the same virus; if there …   Wikipedia

  • Tierseuchenrecht — Seuchenverordnung von Ravensburg aus dem 18. Jahrhundert Eine Tierseuche ist eine durch Krankheitserreger hervorgerufene, übertragbare und sich meist schnell verbreitende Erkrankung von Tieren. Die Grenzen zu einer „normalen“ Tierkrankheit sind… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”