Cystidium

Cystidium

A cystidium (plural cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the hymenium of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are often unique to a particular species or genus, they are a useful micromorphological characteristic in the identification of basidiomycetes. In general, the adaptive significance of cystidia is not well understood.

Contents

Classification of cystidia

Metuloid-type cystidium of Inocybe, stained with Congo red.

By position

Cystidia may occur on the edge of a lamella (or analogous hymenophoral structure) (cheilocystidia), on the face of a lamella (pleurocystidia), on the surface of the cap (dermatocystidia or pileocystidia), on the margin of the cap (circumcystidia) or on the stipe (caulocystidia). Especially the pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia are important for identification within many genera. Sometimes the cheilocystidia give the gill edge a distinct colour which is visible to the naked eye or with a hand lens.

By morphology

Chrysocystidia are cystidia whose contents contain a distinct refractive yellow body, that becomes more deeply yellow when exposed to ammonia or other alkaline compounds. Chrysocystidia are characteristic of many (though not all) members of the agaric family Strophariaceae.

Gloeocystidia have an oily or granular appearance under the microscope. Like gloeohyphae, they may be yellowish or clear (hyaline) and can sometimes selectively be coloured by sulphovanillin or other reagents.[1] Metuloids are thick-walled cystidia with an apex having any of several distinct shapes.[2]

External links

References

  1. ^ Moser M (translated by S Plant). 1983. Keys to Agarics and Boleti. Roger Phillips. ISBN 0-9508486-0-3.
  2. ^ Largent D, et al. 1977. How to Identify Mushrooms to Genus III: Microscopic Features. Arcata, CA: Mad River Press. ISBN 0-916-422-09-7.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • cystidium — /si stid ee euhm/, n., pl. cystidia /si stid ee euh/. Mycol. (in certain basidiomycetous fungi) one of the large, inflated, sterile cells growing between the basidia and usually projecting beyond them. [1855 60; < NL; see CYST , IDIUM] * * * …   Universalium

  • cystidium — noun A relatively large cell found on the hymenium of a basidiomycete …   Wiktionary

  • cystidium — cys·tid·i·um …   English syllables

  • cystidium — …   Useful english dictionary

  • hymenial cystidium — noun A cystidium which is found on the spore bearing surface of a fungus …   Wiktionary

  • Coprinopsis lagopus — Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi …   Wikipedia

  • Гимений — Поперечный срез пластинки шампиньона двуспорового, рисунок XIX в. h  гимениальный слой bas  базидии …   Википедия

  • Радиолярии* — (Radiolaria) или лучевики. Морфологические свойства. Р. отряд класса Саркодиковых (см.) типа Простейших (см.) животных. Сюда относятся чрезвычайно красивые и наиболее совершенно устроенные саркодиковые, обитающие исключительно в морях, встречаясь …   Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона

  • Радиолярии — (Radiolaria) или лучевики. Морфологические свойства. Р. отряд класса Саркодиковых (см.) типа Простейших (см.) животных. Сюда относятся чрезвычайно красивые и наиболее совершенно устроенные саркодиковые, обитающие исключительно в морях, встречаясь …   Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона

  • metuloid — noun A cystidium which is not pointed at the end and has thick walls …   Wiktionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”