APG II system

A modern system of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in
*Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. "Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" 141: 399-436. (Available online: [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/abstract Abstract] | [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/118872219/HTMLSTART Full text (HTML)] | [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf Full text (PDF)] )

The APG II system is the successor of the APG system. Each of these systems represents the broad consensus of a number of systematic botanists, united in the APG, working at several institutions worldwide.

The APG II system has proven to be influential and has been adopted in whole or in part (sometimes with modifications) in a number of recent references.

Main groups in the system (all unranked clades):
*angiosperms :
*:magnoliids
*:monocots
*::commelinids
*:eudicots
*::core eudicots
*:::rosids
*::::eurosids I
*::::eurosids II
*:::asterids
*::::euasterids I
*::::euasterids II

In more detail (but excluding a dozen unplaced genera), with in the beginning of each listing some families or orders that are not placed in a further clade:

* clade angiosperms
*::: family Amborellaceae
*::: family Chloranthaceae
*::: family Nymphaeaceae [+ family Cabombaceae]
*:: order Austrobaileyales
*:: order Ceratophyllales
*: clade magnoliids
*::: order Canellales
*::: order Laurales
*::: order Magnoliales
*::: order Piperales
*: clade monocots
*:::: family Petrosaviaceae
*::: order Acorales
*::: order Alismatales
*::: order Asparagales
*::: order Dioscoreales
*::: order Liliales
*::: order Pandanales
*::clade commelinids
*::::: family Dasypogonaceae
*:::: order Arecales
*:::: order Commelinales
*:::: order Poales
*:::: order Zingiberales
*: clade eudicots
*:::: family Buxaceae [+ family Didymelaceae]
*:::: family Sabiaceae
*:::: family Trochodendraceae [+ family Tetracentraceae]
*::: order Proteales
*::: order Ranunculales
*:: clade core eudicots
*::::: family Aextoxicaceae
*::::: family Berberidopsidaceae
*::::: family Dilleniaceae
*:::: order Gunnerales
*:::: order Caryophyllales
*:::: order Santalales
*:::: order Saxifragales
*::: clade rosids
*:::::: family Aphloiaceae
*:::::: family Geissolomataceae
*:::::: family Ixerbaceae
*:::::: family Picramniaceae
*:::::: family Strasburgeriaceae
*:::::: family Vitaceae
*::::: order Crossosomatales
*::::: order Geraniales
*::::: order Myrtales
*:::: clade eurosids I
*::::::: family Zygophyllaceae [+ family Krameriaceae]
*::::::: family Huaceae
*:::::: order Celastrales
*:::::: order Cucurbitales
*:::::: order Fabales
*:::::: order Fagales
*:::::: order Malpighiales
*:::::: order Oxalidales
*:::::: order Rosales
*:::: clade eurosids II
*::::::: family Tapisciaceae
*:::::: order Brassicales
*:::::: order Malvales
*:::::: order Sapindales
*::: clade asterids
*::::: order Cornales
*::::: order Ericales
*:::: clade euasterids I
*::::::: family Boraginaceae
*::::::: family Icacinaceae
*::::::: family Oncothecaceae
*::::::: family Vahliaceae
*:::::: order Garryales
*:::::: order Gentianales
*:::::: order Lamiales
*:::::: order Solanales
*:::: clade euasterids II
*::::::: family Bruniaceae
*::::::: family Columelliaceae [+ family Desfontainiaceae]
*::::::: family Eremosynaceae
*::::::: family Escalloniaceae
*::::::: family Paracryphiaceae
*::::::: family Polyosmaceae
*::::::: family Sphenostemonaceae
*::::::: family Tribelaceae
*:::::: order Apiales
*:::::: order Aquifoliales
*:::::: order Asterales
*:::::: order Dipsacales

Note: "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

Cladogram

A cladogram showing the relationships, but excluding taxa not placed within an order:

angiosperms

magnoliids

monocots

commelinids

eudicots

core eudicots

rosids

eurosids I

eurosids II

asterids

euasterids I

euasterids II

Austrobaileyales

Canellales

Laurales

Magnoliales

Piperales

Acorales

Alismatales

Asparagales

Dioscoreales

Liliales

Pandanales

Arecales

Poales

Commelinales

Zingiberales

Ranunculales

Proteales

Gunnerales

Caryophyllales

Santalales

Saxifragales

Crossosomatales

Geraniales

Celastrales

Malpighiales

Oxalidales

Fabales

Rosales

Cucurbitales

Fagales

Myrtales

Brassicales

Malvales

Sapindales

Cornales

Ericales

Garryales

Gentianales

Lamiales

Solanales

Aquifoliales

Apiales

Asterales

Dipsacales