Aleksandr Korkin

Aleksandr Korkin

Infobox_Scientist
name = Aleksandr Korkin


caption = Aleksandr Nikolaevich Korkin
birth_date = birth date|1837|3|3|mf=y N.S.
birth_place = Zhidovinovo, Totma, Vologda, Russia
residence = Russia
nationality = Russian
death_date = death date and age|1908|9|1|1837|3|3|mf=y
death_place = Saint Petersburg, Russia
field = Mathematician
work_institution = St Petersburg University
alma_mater = St Petersburg University
doctoral_advisor = Pafnuty Chebyshev
doctoral_students =
Yegor Zolotarev

Aleksey Krylov
known_for = Partial Differential Equations
prizes =
footnotes =

Aleksandr Nikolayevich Korkin (OldStyleDate|3 March|1837|19 FebruarySeptember 1, 1908, all New Style) was a Russian mathematician. He made contribution to the development of partial differential equations. After Chebyshev, Korkin was the most important initiator of the formation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.Fact|date=June 2007

Biography

Korkin was born in the village Zhidovinovo, district of Totma in the Vologda province.He was the son of the state peasant Nikolay Ivanovich Korkin.

By his initiative in 1845 the young Aleksandr got the possibility to live and to be educated in Vologda in the house of the grammar school teacher Aleksandr IvanovichIvanitski. This was remarkable because at that time in Russia peasants lived in serfdom, Korkin's familywas committed to voluntary work for the Russian state. After two years Aleksandr could visit the second class of the Vologda grammar school (after his father paid adonation of 200 roubles to the school and of 5 silver roubles to the Vologda administration tofree the son from serfdom).

In 1853 Korkin finished the grammar school with the gold medal, in 1854 he registered at the physico-mathematicalfaculty of St~Petersburg university, where at that time mathematics were lectured byOsip (Iosif) Ivanovich Somov, Bunyakovski and Chebyshev. Korkin visitedChebyshev's lectures about analytic geometry, higher algebra and number theory.

In 1857 for the first time Korkin was paid attention to because of his contribution `About Largest and Smallest Quantities',which was awarded the gold medal in the students' competition. His referee was
Bunyakovski. Korkin there investigated several properties of local extremaof explicit or implicit differentiable functions of one or more variables, but he alsodiscussed problems from variational calculus. Especially this subject impressed him.

Because of this outstanding work Korkin was freed from writing a candidate thesis.In 1858, after the final examinations and another freeing from serfdom he could start with hisfirst pedagogical job at the first cadet school (till 1861).

In 1860 a positive report of Chebyshev caused the offer to Korkin for the appointmentof a lecturer for pure mathematics, which he could start after finishing the master examinations.December 11, 1860 he defended his master thesis `On the Determination of Arbitrary Functions Givenby Integrals of Partial Differential Equations'. Its supervisor was Chebyshev. In 1861 Korkin's post was confirmed and he became scientific assistant (adjunkt). After the students'unrest in the early summer of 1861 the university was closed for the winter (officially even untilAugust 1863) and the young scientists, including Korkin, were sent abroad `to prepare the appointment of a professor'.

At first Korkin went to Paris. After a period of self-studies on elliptic functionshe visited lectures of different mathematicians, among them were Liouville and
Bertrand. Especially Betrand's lectures about partial differential equations were of special interest for Korkin.

After a brief return to Russia in May 1863 Korkin again left homefo Berlin, where he heard Kummer's lectures on circular polynomials, Weierstraßlectures on elliptic functions and Kronecker's lectures about quadratic forms.

Korkin returned to Saint Petersburg in September 1864 and again took up his job as a lecturer.

At the end of 1867 he defended his doctoral thesis `About Systems of Partial Differential Equationsof First Order and Some Questions from Mechanics', the opponents again were
Chebyshev and Somov.

In May 1868 Korkin became extraordinary professor at the chair of pure mathematics, 1873 he was promotedto ordinary professor, 1886 to deserved professor. At the Saint Petersburg university he lectured untilhis death in 1908. He alone lectured thirty years students of higher semestersabout partial differential equations and variational calculus (from winter 1875/76 until 1908).So the whole first generation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School got to know these so important subjectsof mathematical physics only from him.

Besides his professorship from 1864 till 1900 Korkin lectured about calculus at the naval college (as a successor of Bunyakovski. Among his students was the later academician AlekseyNikolaevich Krylov.

External links

* [http://www.spbu.ru/History/275/Chronicle/spbu/Persons/K_orkin.html Biography from the Saint Petersburg University Pages (in Russian, but with an image)]


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