Karakalpakstan

Karakalpakstan

Infobox Country
native_name = Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikası
"Qoraqalpog`iston Respublikasi"
conventional_long_name = Republic of Karakalpakstan
common_name = Karakalpakstan





symbol_type =


map_caption = Political map of Karakalpakstan


map_caption2 = Location of Karakalpakstan (coloured purple) with surrounding countries
national_motto =
national_anthem =
other_symbol_type =
other_symbol =
capital = Nukus
latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW=
official_languages = Karakalpak, Uzbek
ethnic_groups =
ethnic_groups_year =
demonym = Karakalpak
government_type = Autonomous republic of Uzbekistan
leader_title1 = President of the republic
leader_name1 = Musa Yerniyazov [ [http://www.karakalpak.com/stangov.html http://www.karakalpak.com/stangov.html] ]
sovereignty_type =
sovereignty_note =
established_event1 =
established_date1 =
area_rank =
area_magnitude =
area_km2 = 160,000
area_sq_mi = 61,800
percent_water =
population_estimate = 1,200,000
population_estimate_rank =
population_estimate_year = 2005
population_census =
population_census_year =
population_density_km2 = 7.5
population_density_sq_mi = 19.4
population_density_rank =
GDP_PPP =
GDP_PPP_rank =
GDP_PPP_year =
GDP_PPP_per_capita =
GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
GDP_nominal =
GDP_nominal_rank =
GDP_nominal_year =
GDP_nominal_per_capita =
GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
Gini =
Gini_year =
Gini_category =
HDI =
HDI_rank =
HDI_year =
HDI_category =
currency = Som
currency_code = UZS
time_zone =
utc_offset =
time_zone_DST =
DST_note =
utc_offset_DST =
cctld = .qr
calling_code =

Karakalpakstan (Karakalpak: Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikası or "Қарақалпақстан Республикасы"; Uzbek: Qoraqalpog`iston Respublikasi or "Қоракалпоғистон Республикаси") is an autonomous republic of Uzbekistan. It occupies the whole western end of Uzbekistan. The capital is Nukus (Karakalpak: No'kis or Нөкис). The Republic of Karakalpakstan has an area of km2 to mi2|160000|precision=0. Its territory covers the classical land of Khwarezm, though in classical Persian literature, the area was known as "Kāth".

Demographics

The population of Karakalpakstan is estimated at 1,200,000, of whom 400,000 are of the Karakalpak ethnic group, 400,000 are Uzbek, and 300,000 are Kazakh. The Karakalpak were formerly nomadic herders and fishers, and were first mentioned in the 16th century. Their name means "Black Hat", but Karakalpak culture was so lost through Sovietization that the original meaning of the black hat is now unknown. The Karakalpak language is considered closer to Kazakh than to Uzbek. Indeed there are accusations that the ethnic group was an invention of the Soviet government to divide the Kazakh population. The language was written in a modified Cyrillic in Soviet times, and in the Latin alphabet since 1996.

Other than the capital Nukus, large cities include Hojeli (Uzbek: Ho'jayli; Russian: Ходжейли), Shimbai (Шымбай), Konirat (Қоңырат) and Moynaq, (Uzbek: Mo'ynoq; Russian: Муйнак), a former Aral Sea port now several miles inland.

Economy

The economy of the region, formerly heavily dependent on fisheries, is now supported by cotton, rice and melons. Hydroelectric power from a large Soviet-built station on the Amu Darya is also important.

The Amu Darya delta was once heavily populated, and supported extensive irrigation based agriculture for thousands of years. Under the Khorezm, the area attained considerable power and prosperity. However, the gradual climate change over the centuries, accelerated by the Aral Sea ecological disaster of the late 20th century has created a science-fiction like nightmare for Karakalpakstan. The ancient oasis of rivers, lakes, reed marshes, forests and farms are drying up, and being poisoned by wind-borne salt and chemicals from the dried bed of the Aral Sea. Allegedly summer temperatures have risen 10 degrees Celsius and winter temperatures have decreased by 10 degrees Celsius, and the number of health and respiratory problems has risen dramatically.Fact|date=February 2008

eparatist movement

Recently the website of Radio Free Europe broadcast a report on the beginnings of a separatist movement in Karalpakstan due to the bad environmental and social conditions of the republic, though other residents and politicians from the region strongly deny the existence or relevance of any genuine independence movement. [ [http://rferl.org/featuresarticle/2008/04/9eb47eb4-1abd-4c89-8241-6ed1168693aa.html Uzbekistan: Shadowy Group Agitates For 'Free Karakalpakstan'] , "Radio Free Europe", April 5, 2008]

See also

*Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast
*Karakalpak language
*Provinces of Uzbekistan

References

External links

*About Karakalpaks – http://www.karakalpak.com
*Karakalpakstan – http://karakalpak.homestead.com
*Karakalpak music – http://berdakb.narod.ru
*Official site of the Republic of Karakalpakstan – http://sovminrk.gov.uz/rus/respublika_karakalpakstan/ ru icon


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Karakalpakstan — ▪ republic, Uzbekistan also spelled  Kara Kalpakstan , or  Qaraqalpaqstan , also called  Karakalpakiya , Uzbek  Qoraqalpoghistan        autonomous republic in Uzbekistan, situated southeast and southwest of the Aral Sea.       On the east… …   Universalium

  • Karakalpakstan — Republik Karakalpakistan usbek. Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasi karakalpak. Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi Flagge von Karakalpakistan Basisdaten Hauptstadt …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Karakalpakstan — Admin ASC 1 Code Orig. name Karakalpakstan Country and Admin Code UZ.09 UZ …   World countries Adminstrative division ASC I-II

  • Karakalpakstan — Karakalpakistan République du Karakalpakistan Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasi (uz) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Karakalpakstan — /kəˈrakəlˌpakstan/ (say kuh rahkuhl.pahkstahn), / stæn/ (say stan) noun an autonomous republic in Uzbekistan; formerly the Kara Kalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Uzbek SSR within the Soviet Union. 165 600 km2. Capital: Nukus.… …  

  • Каракалпакия — (Karakalpakstan)Karakalpakstan, автономная область на З. Узбекистана, в Центральной Азии, в низовьях Амударьи; пл. 164900 кв.км, 1244700 чел. (1990); столица – г.Нукус. Территория К. присоединена к Российской империи в конце 19в.; в 1925г. К …   Страны мира. Словарь

  • Καρακαλπακστάν — (Karakalpakstan). Αυτόνομη δημοκρατία (164.900 τ. χλμ., 1.666.300 κάτ. το 2003) του Ουζμπεκιστάν. Βρίσκεται στο νοτιοανατολικό τμήμα της χώρας και βρέχεται στα βόρεια από τη λίμνη Αράλη. Η έκτασή της καλύπτει επιφάνεια που υπερβαίνει το ένα τρίτο …   Dictionary of Greek

  • Charjou Abdirov — (also Charjou or Chardjou Abdirovich Abdirov) (Russian: Чаржау Абдирович Абдиров)(December 20, 1933 July 3, 1997) was a noted Uzbek scientist and microbiologist and specialist in leprosy[1] as well as a researcher into the environmental problems… …   Wikipedia

  • Nukus — Uzbek: Nukus / Нукус Karakalpak: No‘kis / Нөкис The Savitsky Karakalpakstan Art Museum at Nukus …   Wikipedia

  • Karakalpaks — ethnic group group=Karakalpaks poptime= 550,000 (est.) popplace= Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan rels=Sunni Islam, Atheism langs=Karakalpak related=Other Turkic people (Kipchaks, Kazakhs, Turkmens, etc)The Karakalpaks (also Qaraqalpaqs ) are …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”