Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
protein
Name = gamma-glutamyltransferase 1
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 4250
Symbol = GGT1
AltSymbols = GGT
EntrezGene = 2678
OMIM = 231950
RefSeq = NM_001032364
UniProt = P19440
PDB =
ECnumber = 2.3.2.2
Chromosome = 22
Arm = q
Band = 11.1-11.2
LocusSupplementaryData = protein
Name = gamma-glutamyltransferase 2
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 4251
Symbol = GGT2
AltSymbols = GGT
EntrezGene = 2679
OMIM = 137181
RefSeq = NM_002058
UniProt = P36268
PDB =
ECnumber = 2.3.2.2
Chromosome = 22
Arm = q
Band = 11.1-11.2
LocusSupplementaryData = protein
Name = gamma-glutamyltransferase 3
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 4252
Symbol = GGT3
AltSymbols =
EntrezGene = 2680
OMIM =
RefSeq =
UniProt =
PDB =
ECnumber = 2.3.2.2
Chromosome = 22
Arm =
Band =
LocusSupplementaryData =
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT or GGTP, or Gamma-GT) (EC number|2.3.2.2) is primarily a liver enzyme.
Function
It is involved in the transfer of amino acids across the cellular membrane. It is also involved in glutathione metabolism by transferring the glutamyl moiety to a variety of acceptor molecules including water, certain L-amino acids and peptides. Leaving the cysteine product to preserve intracellular homeostasis of oxidative stress. [Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2007 Jun;42(3):110-24] [Schulman JD et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jul 8;65(1):68-74 ]
Location
GGT is found on the cell surface on all cells, with particularly high concentrations in the liver, bile ducts, and kidney.
The enzyme is also present in other tissues, such as the epididymis.
Clinical significance
Since serum γGT mainly comes from the biliary system, it is a sensitive test for liver function, especially in biliary obstruction.
Its level in the blood may be tested for, as an elevated level may indicate an abnormality in the liver, though this can be caused by a number of conditions including:
* congestive heart failure
* cholestasis (congestion of the bile ducts)
* cirrhosis of the liver
* Restricted blood flow to the liver
* restricted venous outflow from liver like Budd-Chiari syndrome
* Necrosis of the liver
* Liver tumors
* hepatitis
* hepatotoxic drugs
Its levels are increased in chronic and acute alcohol abuse.
References
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External links
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2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
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