New Zealand Raven

New Zealand Raven
Conservation status
Fossil
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Corvidae
Genus:	Corvus
Species:	C. antipodum
Binomial name
Corvus antipodum (Forbes, 1893)

The New Zealand Raven (Corvus antipodum Forbes, 1893) was native to the North Island and South Island of New Zealand but is now extinct. There were two subspecies: the North Island Raven (Corvus antipodum antipodum Forbes, 1893) and the South Island Raven (Corvus antipodum pycrofti Gill, 2003). Another closely related raven species occurred on the Chatham Islands, namely the Chatham Islands Raven (Corvus moriorum Forbes, 1892).

The holotype of the South Island Raven (Corvus antipodum pycrofti) is in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.^[1]

New Zealand Ravens were large crows with long, broad bills that were not as arched as those of some of the Hawaiian Crows (Corvus hawaiiensis). They were significantly smaller than the Chatham Island Raven, and the South Island subspecies was rather larger than the North Island subspecies.'

Remains of New Zealand Ravens are most common in Pleistocene and Holocene coastal sites. On the coast, it may have frequented seal and penguin colonies or fed in the intertidal zone, as does the Tasmanian Forest Raven Corvus tasmanicus. It may also have depended on fruit, like the New Caledonian Crow Corvus moneduloides, but it is difficult to understand why a fruit eater would have been most common in coastal forest and shrubland when fruit was distributed throughout the forest.

References

1. ^ "Corvus antipodum pycrafti; holotype; paratype". Collections Online. Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/objectdetails.aspx?oid=684351. Retrieved 18 July 2010. 

• Gill, B. J. 2003. Osteometry and systematics of the extinct New Zealand ravens (Aves: Corvidae: Corvus). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1: 43-58.
• Worthy, T.H., Holdaway R.N., 2002, The lost world of the Moa: Prehistoric Life of New Zealand, Indiana University Press, Bloomington. ISBN 0-253-34034-9.

External links

• New Zealand Raven. Corvus antipodum. by Paul Martinson. Artwork produced for the book Extinct Birds of New Zealand, by Alan Tennyson, Te Papa Press, Wellington, 2006
• The Extinction Website

See also

• List of extinct New Zealand animals
• Later Quaternary Prehistoric Birds