- Peter Joseph Lenné
Peter Joseph Lenné (
29 September 1789 —23 January 1866 ) was aPrussia n gardener and landscape architect fromBonn who worked in the German classicist style. His father was Jewish and his mother was Prussian.Fact|date=February 2007Life and works
Childhood and development
Lenné was the son of the royal court gardener,
Peter Joseph Le Neu , and his wife, Anna Catharina Potgieter. He later changed his last name from "Le Neu" to "Lenné". After theAbitur , Lenné decided to work with gardens. He began his apprenticeship as a gardener in 1808 with his uncle,Josef Clemens Weyhe , the court gardener inBrühl .From 1809 to 1812, Lenné took many study trips, paid for by his father, which took him to Southern Germany, to
France , and toSwitzerland . In 1811, he completed a long internship in Paris withGabriel Thouin , who was then the most famous garden architect in Europe. This made him a "master landscaper". On another of these trips, Lenné made the acquaintance of the creator of the English Gardens inMunich , the landscape gardenerFriedrich Ludwig von Sckell , who would have a lasting influence of Lenné's work.Assistant Gardener and World Heritage Sites
In 1812, Lenné followed his father to
Koblenz , where he had been named Director of the Gardens by the PrefectJules Doazan . Later in that year, Lenné became active atSchloss Schönbrunn , where he would remain until 1814. He then returned to Koblenz, where he was give private garden commissions until 1815. The "Erweiterung der Festungsanlagen veranlasste ihn zu einem Plan für die Verschönerung der Stadt mit Gartenanlagen", which was not carried out because of a lack of funds. In 1816, he returned toPotsdam after the suggestions of Prussian forestry officialGeorg Ludwig Hartig and General Graf von Hacke. There he received the position of Assistant Gardener to the Court Garden Director inSanssouci .Still working as an assistant gardener, Lenné received a commission in the Spring of 1816 from the Prussian Chancellor
Karl August von Hardenberg to renovate the grounds around his country house atKlein-Glienicke . This work onGlienicke Palace , which would later become PrinceCarl of Prussia 's residence, laid the groundwork for Lenné's designs for the surrounding area of Potsdam, which he wanted to turn into aGesamtkunstwerk . The upgrades of the Glienicke grounds followed - in close cooperation with the architectsKarl Friedrich Schinkel ,Ludwig Persius , andFerdinand von Arnim - those of others such as the grounds ofBöttcherberg and its opposite,Babelsberg Park , which was completed by PrinceHermann von Pückler-Muskau . Characteristic of Lenné's work are versatile "Sichtachsen" - a horicultural stylistical device - which he applied atSanssouci Park and elsewhere. As part of theBerlin -Potsdam cultural landscape, which stretches from thePfaueninsel to Werder, many sites of Lenné's work areWorld Heritage Sites , which has been under the protection ofUNESCO collectively since 1990.Prussian Garden Director-General
The accomplishments of the garden architect are reflected in his career progression. In 1818 he was an employee of the Royal Garden Authority, and in 1822, he received a promotion to Gardening Director. That same year, Lenné became a founding member of the Prussian Society for the Promotion of Horticulture. Lenné also accepted the position of Manager of the Division of Orchard Cultivation and later of the Parks Division.In 1823, the Gardener Academy in
Schöneberg and Potsdam was founded under his management. Here for the first time schooling in garden architecture was taught in a scientific manner. In 1828, Lenné was named the sole Garden Director and in 1845, Prussian Garden Director-General. TheAkademie der Künste made Lenné an honorary member.In 1840, the recently enthroned King
Friedrich Wilhelm IV assigned the urban planning of Berlin to Lenné. One of his most important achievements in this role survives in the building of theLuisenstädtischer Kanal , constructed in 1852, between theLandwehrkanal and the RiverSpree inBerlin-Kreuzberg . The canal's design was based on plans by Chief Building OfficerJohann Carl Ludwig Schmid .Despite centering his life around Potsdam and Berlin, Lenné remained attached to his Rhenish homeland and contributed to the further beautification of Koblenz, particularly in the Rheinanlagen, which was under his management until 1861. His love of his work on the Rhine and
Mosel made him decide to build the residence named for him, the Lenné-Haus, in which he wished to spend the evening of his life; however, the manner of his death did not allow this. Lenné's last resting place is at theBornstedt er Cemetery in Potsdam.Busts of Peter Joseph Lenné are located at the Bonn Botanical Garden, at the bank of the Rhine ("Alter Zoll"), in the Landschaftspark Petzow that he himself designed, in Feldafing Park, in the "Kaiserin-Augusta-Anlagen" in Koblenz (copy of a bust by Rauch). A new bust was finished by
Bad Homburg er sculptor Otto Weber-Hartl.Today Lenné's descendants still work as architects.
Work overview
* Landschaftsgarten of
Neuhardenberg Palace
*Rose Island and Lenné Park inFeldafing atStarnberger See
*Klosterbergegarten inMagdeburg
* Zwierzyniec Park,Złotów
* ParkSanssouci inPotsdam
* The Garden of Caputh Palace at Potsdam
* LandschaftsparkPetzow Palace ,Werder (Havel)
*Volkspark Klein-Glienicke ,Berlin
* Design for the Landschaftspark inBlumberg (Barnim) at Ahrensfelde
* Design for the Landwehrkanal
* Design for theLuisenstädtischer Kanal , Berlin
* Design for theTiergarten , Berlin
* Design for the Parks atBlankensee Palace ,Brandenburg , today called the "Sudermann-Park"
* Design for the Spa Gardens atBad Homburg
* Schlossgarten Liebenberg northwest of Berlin, described in Fontane's "Fünf Schlösser" (in "Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg")
* Landschaftspark ofWolfshagen Palace
* Park of Schloss Trebnitz (atMüncheberg )
* Lenné Park inFrankfurt (Oder)
*Kaiserin-Augusta-Anlagen and the Park of thePalace of the Prince-Elector inKoblenz
* City Park and Spa Gardens inAachen
* Castle Park inSinzig
* Gartenanlage of the Zehnthof inSinzig
* Gartenanlage ofFriedrichsfelde Palace , located in theTierpark Friedrichsfelde in Berlin
* Gartenanlagen on the mountainside aroundStolzenfels Castle at Koblenz
* Castle Garden in Brühl
* Design for the Spa Gardens atBad Oeynhausen
* Castle Park inFürstlich Drehna
* Gartenanlage of Bürgerwiese inDresden Gallery
References
*The information in this article is based on a translation of [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Joseph_Lenn%C3%A9 its German counterpart] .
*Gerhard Hinz, "P.J.L. Das Gesamtwerk des Gartenarchitekten und Städteplaners", 2 Bände, 1989, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York
*Petra Wißner, Magdeburger Biographisches Lexikon, 2002, ISBN 3-933046-49-1
*F. v. Butlar (Hg.): Peter Joseph Lenné: Volkspark und Arkadien, 1989, Berlin
*Günther, H., Peter Joseph Lenné: Gärten, Parke, Landschaften, 1985, Berlin* PND|118571559
* Gerhard Fischer: " [http://www.luise-berlin.de/bms/bmstxt99/9909porb.htm Er prägte das Gesicht Berlins] ", Lenné-Porträt in: Berlinische Monatsschrift, Edition Luisenstadt, 1999
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