- List of writers from peoples indigenous to the Americas
-
This is a list of writers from Indigenous peoples of the Americas.
It includes people who self-identify as Alaskan Native, American Indian, First Nations, Inuit, Métis, Native Hawaiian, and Indigenous Central and South American writers. It has been noted that some writers self-identify in this way without necessarily satisfying tribal membership rules or governmental requirements (e.g. blood quantum). As the list is inclusive rather than exclusive, it contains some writers over whom there has been controversy. It excludes those writers such as Forrest Carter,[1][2] Ward Churchill,[3][4][5] Jamake Highwater,[6][7] and Grey Owl[1][8][9] whose claims to be of Native American descent have been factually disproved through genealogical research.
Contents A
Kim Shuck (Cherokee-Sac and Fox), Jewelle Gomez (Iowa), L. Frank (Tongva-Acjachemen) and Reid Gómez (Diné), Native women writers
- Louise Abeita, Isleta Pueblo
- Howard Adams, Métis, Canada, 1921–2001
- Freda Ahenakew, Cree, Canada, b. 1932
- Ai, Choctaw-Chickasaw-Cheyenne-Comanche, b. 1947
- Richard Aitson, Kiowa, b. 1953[10]
- Humberto Ak'ab'al, K'iche' Maya, Guatemala, b. 1952
- Kateri Akiwenzie-Damm, Anishinaabe, Canada
- Gerald Taiaiake Alfred, Mohawk Nation, Canada, b. 1964
- Sherman Alexie, Spokane-Coeur d'Alene, b. 1966
- Elsie Allen, Cloverdale Pomo, 1899–1990
- Paula Gunn Allen, Laguna-Sioux-Lebanese, 1939–2008
- Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl, Texcocan, Mexico, ca. 1570-1648
- Arthur Amiotte, Oglala Lakota, b. 1942[11]
- Gertrude Bernard Anahareo, Iroquois, Canada, 1906–1986
- William Apess, Pequot, 1798–1839
- Annette Arkeketa, Otoe-Missouria-Muscogee Creek[12]
- José María Arguedas, Quechua Mestizo, Peru, 1911–1969
- Joanne Arnott, Métis, Canada, b. 1960
- Pitseolak Ashoona, Inuit, Canada, 1904/7-1983
- Marilou Awiakta, Eastern Band Cherokee
B
- Jimmy Santiago Baca, Apache-Chicano, b. 1952
- Marie Annharte Baker[13]
- Charles G. Ballard, Quapaw-Cherokee[14]
- Dennis Banks, Leech Lake Ojibwe, b. 1932
- Jim Barnes, Choctaw, b. 1933, Poet Laureate of Oklahoma 2009[15]
- Jose Barreiro, Taíno, Cuban-American, b. 1948
- Louise Ann Barton[16]
- Glecia Bear, Cree, Canada, b. 1912
- Jimmy Beason, Osage[17]
- Denton Bedford[18]
- Shonto Begay, Navajo, b. 1950[19]
- Esther Belin, Navajo[20]
- Betty Louise Bell, Cherokee, 1949
- Salli M. K. Benedict[21]
- Kay Bennett (“Kaibah”)[22]
- Diane E. Benson, Tlingit, b. 1954
- Edward Benton-Banai[23]
- John D. Berry, Cherokee Nation[24]
- Moses Big Crow[25]
- Duane Big Eagle[26]
- Tiana Bighorse [27]
- D.L. Birchfield, Chickasaw-Choctaw[19]
- Gloria Bird, Spokane, b. 1951[28]
- Camile Bishop, Cherokee[29]
- Andrew Blackbird, Odawa, ca. 1815-1908
- Ned Blackhawk, Te-Moak Shoshone[30]
- Governor Blacksnake (Thaonawyuthe/Chainbreaker), Seneca, ca. 1760–1859
- Fred Bigjim, Iñupiaq[31]
- Buffalo Bird Woman, Hidatsa, ca. 1839-1932
- Sherwin Bitsui, Diné, b. 1975
- Peter Blue Cloud, Mohawk, b. 1935[32]
- James BlueWolf, Choctaw, b. 1950[33]
- Kimberly M. Blaeser, White Earth Ojibwe, b. 1950
- Darren Bonaparte, Mohawk, b. 1964[34]
- Elias Boudinot, Cherokee, 1740–1821
- Duwayne Leslie Bowen, Seneca, 1946-2006[35]
- Joseph Boyden, Métis, Canada, b. 1966
- Linda Boyden, Cherokee[36]
- Odilón Ramos Boza, Quechua[37]
- Susan Braine, Assiniboine-Hunkpapa Sioux.[38]
- Mary Brave Bird, Brulé Lakota, b. 1953
- Trevino Brings Plenty, Lakota[39]
- Silvester J. Brito, Comanche-P'urhépecha
- Ignatia Broker, Ojibwe, United States, 1919–1987
- Emily Ticasuk Ivanoff Brown, Inuit, 1904-1982[40]
- James Bruchac, Abenaki[41]
- Jesse Bruchac, Abenaki[42]
- Joseph Bruchac, Abenaki, b. 1942
- Margaret Bruchac, Abenaki[43]
- Leonard R. Bruguier, Sioux, 1944-2009[44]
- David Burnette, Sioux[45]
- Diane Burns, Chemehuevi-Anishinabe.1957-2006 [46]
- Jimalee Chitwood Burton, Cherokee Nation, b.1920.[47]
- Barney Bush, Shawnee Tribe[48]
C
- Gregory Cajete, Santa Clara Pueblo[49]
- Cristina Calderón, Yaghan, Chile, b. ca. 1938 (last speaker of the Yaghan language)
- E. K. Caldwell, Cherokee-Shawnee, 1954-1997[50]
- Sophia Alice Callahan, Muscogee Creek, 1864–1894[51]
- Maria Campbell, Métis, Canada, b. 1940
- Gladys Cardiff, Eastern Band Cherokee-descent, b. 1942
- Helen Slwooko Carius, Yupik, 1928-1998[52]
- Aaron Albert Carr, Laguna Pueblo-Diné, b. 1963
- Lorna Dee Cervantes, Mestiza, United States, b. 1954
- Betsey Guppy Chamberlain, Wabanaki, 1797-1886.[53]
- Asani Charles, Choctaw-Chickasaw[54]
- Paul L.A.H. Chartrand, Metis[55]
- Dean Chavers, Lumbee
- Rosa Chavez, Maya, Guatemala[56]
- Shirley Cheechoo, Cree
- Bruce Chester, Metis-Sokoki[57]
- Fredy Chicangana, Yanacona, Colombia[58]
- Rosemary Christensen, Chippewa[59]
- Chrystos, Menominee, b. 1946
- Eddie Chuculate, Muscogee Creek-Cherokee.[60]
- Robert Chute, Sokoki[61]
- George Clutesi, Tseshaht First Nation, Canada, b. 1905-1988
- Briceida Cuevas Cob, Mayan[62]
- Jacques L. Condor, Abenaki[63]
- Robert J. Conley, United Keetowah Band-Cherokee Nation, b. 1940
- Elizabeth Cook-Lynn, Crow Creek Lakota, b. 1930
- Katsi Cook, Mohawk[64]
- George Copway, Mississauga Ojibwa, Cananda, 1818–1869
- George Cornell, Ojibwe, b. 1948[65]
- Jesse Cornplanter, Seneca, 1889–1957
- Jeanette Henry Costo, Cahuilla-Cherokee.[66]
- Rupert Costo, Cahuilla[67]
- Richard Courchene, Sioux[68]
- Marcia Crosby, Tsimshian-Haida, Canada
- Allan Crow, Ojibwe[69]
- Steve Crow, Cherokee,[70] b. 1949
- Leonard Crow Dog, Oglala Lakota, b. 1942[71]
- Moses Cruikshank, Athabascan[72]
- Steven J. Crum, Shoshone[73]
- Delano Cummings, Lumbee[74]
- David Cusick, Seneca, ca.1780–c.1831
D
- Joseph A. Dandurand, Kwantlen First Nation, Canada
- Nora Marks Dauenhauer, Tlingit, b. 1927
- Susan Deer Cloud, Métis, United States, b. 1950
- Ella Cara Deloria, Yankton Dakota, 1888–1971
- Vine Deloria, Jr., Yankton Dakota, 1933–2005
- Bonnie Devine, Serpent River First Nation, Canada
E
- Charles Eastman, Dakota, 1858–1939
- Liselotte Erdrich, Turtle Mountain Ojibwe[75]
- Louise Erdrich, Turtle Mountain Ojibwe, b. 1954
F
- Waawaate Fobister, Anishinaabe[76]
- Jack D. Forbes, Powhatan-Renapé-Lenape, 1934–2011
- Lance Foster, Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska[77]
- Lee Francis, Laguna Pueblo-Anishinaabe[78]
- L. Frank, Tongva-Acjachemen
- Santee Frazier, Cherokee Nation-Choctaw-Potawatomi[79]
G
- Diane Glancy, Cherokee-descent, b. 1941
- Owl Goingback, Eastern Band Cherokee, b. 1959
- Jewelle Gomez, Iowa tribe, b. 1948
- Gaspar Pedro González, Q'anjob'al Maya[80]
- Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, Quechua, ca. 1535-after 1616
- Janice Gould, Maidu
- Rayna Green, Cherokee, b. 1942[81]
H
- Janet Campbell Hale, Coeur d'Alene-Kootenay, b. 1947
- Joy Harjo, Muscogee Creek-Cherokee, b. 1951
- Ernestine Hayes, Tlingit, b. 1945
- William Least Heat-Moon, contested Osage descent, b. 1939
- Allison Hedge Coke, Huron-Cherokee-Creek, b. 1958
- Stephanie Hedgecoke, Huron-Cherokee-Creek, b. 1955[82][83]
- Travis Hedge Coke, Huron-Cherokee-Choctaw-Creek, b. 1980[84]
- Gordon Henry, White Earth Band of Ojibwe, b. 1955
- Inés Hernández-Ávila, Nez Perce-Chicana[85]
- José Tamayo Herrera, Quechua[86]
- Tomson Highway, Cree, Canada, b. 1951
- Roberta Hill-Whiteman, Oneida[87]
- Patricia Hilden, Nez Perce-descent[88]
- Geary Hobson, Quapaw-Cherokee-Chickasaw, b. 1941[89]
- Linda Hogan, Chickasaw, b. 1947
- Robert Houle, Saulteaux, Canada, b. 1947
- LeAnne Howe, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, b. 1951
- Isaac Huamán, Quechua[90]
- Al Hunter, Anishnaabe, Canada
I
- Alootook Ipellie, Inuit, Canada, 1951–2007
J
- Rita Joe, Mi'kmaq, Canada, 1932–2007
- Basil Johnston, Anishinaabe, Canada, b. 1929
- Emily Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake), Mohawk, Canada, 1861–1913
- Stephen Graham Jones, Blackfeet, b. 1972
- Hugo Jamioy Juagibioy, Kamentsa, Colombia
- Daniel Heath Justice, Cherokee Nation, Canada
K
- Maude Kegg, Ojibwe, 1904–1999
- Wayne Keon, Nipissing Canada
- Thomas King, Cherokee descent, Canada, b. 1943
- Phil Konstantin, Cherokee, b. 1952[91]
- Ariruma Kowii, Quechua, Ecuador, b. 1961[92]
L
- Winona LaDuke, White Earth Band of Ojibwe, b. 1959
- Carole LaFavor, Ojibwe
- Francis La Flesche, Omaha, 1857–1932
- Luis de Lión, Mayan, Guatemala, 1939-1984.[93]
- Ki Longfellow, Iroquois-descent.
- Phil Lucas, Choctaw, 1942–2007
M
- Eduardo Ninamango Mallqui, Quechua, Peru[90]
- Manipiniktikinia, Kuna, Panama[94]
- Wilma Mankiller, Cherokee Nation, 1945–2010
- Vera Manuel, Secwepemc-Ktunaxa, 1949-2010
- Lee Maracle, Salish-Cree, Canada, b. 1950
- Joseph Marshall III, Lakota, b. ca. 1946
- John Joseph Mathews, Osage, b. ca. 1894-1979
- Janet McAdams, Poarch Band of Creek Indians
- Gerald McMaster, Siksika Nation-Red Pheasant First Nation, b. 1953
- William D'Arcy McNickle (1904–1977), Salish Kootenai
- Mardi Oakley Medawar, Cherokee-descent
- Rigoberta Menchú, K'iché Maya, Guatemala, b. 1959
- Billy Merasty, Cree, Canada, b. 1960
- Howard L. Meredith, Cherokee, 1938-2003[95]
- Tiffany Midge, Hunkpapa Lakota-German-American, b. 1965
- Devon Mihesuah, Choctaw, b. 1957
- Deborah A. Miranda, Esselen-Chumash
- Gabriela Mistral, Mapuche, Chile, 1889–1957
- N. Scott Momaday, Kiowa-Cherokee, b. 1934
- Victor Montejo, Jakaltek Maya, Guatemala[96]
- Marijo Moore, Cherokee
- Glenn T. Morris, Shawnee, b. ca. 1955
- Irvin Morris, Navajo, b. 1958
- Daniel David Moses, Delaware, Canada, b. 1952
- Mountain Wolf Woman, Ho-Chunk, 1884–1960
- Mourning Dove, Colville-Okanagan, 1888–1936
N
- Elicura Chihuailaf Nahuelpán
- Nora Naranjo-Morse, Santa Clara Pueblo, b. 1953
- Nas'Naga, Shawnee, b. 1941
- Jim Northrup (Gi Gi Kunaw Amagawin), Anishnaabe, United States, b. 1943
- nila northSun, Shoshone-Ojibwe, b. 1951
O
- Simon J. Ortiz, Acoma Pueblo, b. 1941
- John Milton Oskison, Cherokee, 1874-1947[97]
- Louis Owens, Choctaw-Cherokee, 1948–2002
P
- Elise Paschen, Osage Nation
- William S. Penn, Nez Perce, b. 1949
- Robert L. Perea, Oglala Lakota-Mexican, United States
- Lawrence Plamondon, Odawa-Ojibwe, b. 1946
- Simon Pokagon, Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, ca. 1830-1899
- Alexander Posey, Muscogee (Creek) Nation, 1873—1908
- Susan Power, Standing Rock Sioux, b. 1961
- Pretty Shield, Crow Nation, 1856–1944
Q
R
- Delphine Red Shirt, Oglala Lakota, b. 1957
- Carter Revard, Osage, b. 1931
- John Rollin Ridge (Yellow Bird), Cherokee, 1827–1967
- Eden Robinson, Haisla-Heiltsuk, Canada, b. 1968
- Will Rogers, Cherokee, 1879–1935
- Will Rogers, Jr., Cherokee, 1911–1993
- Wendy Rose, Hopi-Miwok, b. 1948
S
- Carol Lee Sanchez, Laguna Pueblo
- William Saunders, Cherokee, b. 1942
- Greg Sarris, Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, b. 1952
- Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, Ojibwe, 1800–1842
- Kim Shuck, Cherokee-Sac and Fox[98]
- Leslie Marmon Silko, Laguna Pueblo, b. 1948
- Ruby Slipperjack, Ojibwe, Canada, b. 1952
- Paul Chaat Smith, Comanche[99]
- Cynthia Leitich Smith, Muscogee Creek, b. 1967
- Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve, Brulé Lakota, b. 1933
- Luther Standing Bear, Oglala Lakota, 1868–1939
- James Thomas Stevens, Akwesasne Mohawk, b. 1966
- Rennard Strickland, Osage-Cherokee, b. 1940[100]
- Virginia Stroud, United Keetoowah Band Cherokee-Muscogee, b. 1951
- Madonna Swan, Lakota, 1928–1993
- Denise Sweet, Anishinaabe, Poet Laureate of Wisconsin 2004[101]
- James Schoppert, Tlingit (1947–1992)
T
- "Chief" Tahachee, (Jeff Davis Tahchee Cypert), Cherokee, 1904–1978
- Mary Tall Mountain, Athabascan, 1918-1994[102]
- Margo Tamez, Lipan Apache-Jumano Apache, b. 1962
- Luci Tapahonso, Diné, b. 1953
- Drew Hayden Taylor, Ojibwe, Canada, b. 1962
- George Tinker, Osage,
- Laura Tohe, Diné, b. 1952[103]
- Natalia Toledo, Zapotec, Mexican, b. 1968
- Haunani-Kay Trask, Native Hawaiian, b. 1949
- Mililani Trask, Native Hawaiian
- Rebecca Hatcher Travis, Chickasaw [104]
- Gail Tremblay, Mi'kmaq-Onondaga, b. 1945
- David Treuer, Leech Lake Ojibwe, b. 1970
- John Trudell, Santee Sioux, b. 1946
- Mark Turcotte, Turtle Mountain Chippewa
- Richard Twiss, Brulé Lakota, b. 1954
- E. Donald Two-Rivers, Anishinaabe, 1945–2008
U
V
- Richard Van Camp, Tli Cho[106]
- Gerald Vizenor, White Earth Band of Ojibwe, b. 1934
W
- David Walks-As-Bear, Kispoko Shawnee, b.1957
- Velma Wallis, Athabaskan, b. 1960
- Anna Lee Walters, Pawnee-Otoe-Missouria, b. 1946
- Luke Warm Water (Kurt Schweigman), Oglala Lakota[107]
- Clyde Warrior, Ponca, 1939–1968
- Robert Allen Warrior, Osage[108]
- Waziyatawin, (a.k.a. Angela Wilson) Wahpetunwan Dakota. [8]
- Ron Welburn, Assateague-Gingaskin-Cherokee[109]
- James Welch, Blackfeet-Gros Ventre, 1940–2003
- Orlando White, Navajo[110]
- Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins (Thocmentony), Paiute, ca. 1841-1891
- Craig Womack, Muscogee-Cherokee
- Karenne Wood, Monacan[111]
- Elizabeth Woody, Navajo-Wasco
- Wub-e-ke-niew, Red Lake Anishinaabe, 1928-1997[112]
X
Y
- Ray Young Bear, Meskwaki, b. 1950
- Alfred Young Man, Cree, b. 1948
Z
- Ofelia Zepeda, Tohono O'odham, b. 1952
- Mamo Zareymakú, Arhuaco, Colombia[114]
- Zitkala-Sa (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin), Yankton Dakota, 1876–1938
See also
- Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States
- Before Columbus Foundation
- Category:Indigenous Australian writers
- List of indigenous artists of the Americas
- Native Writers' Circle of the Americas
- Native American Renaissance
References
- ^ a b Nolan, Maggie and Carrie Dawson, ed. Who's Who? Hoaxes, Imposture and Identity Crises in Australian Literature. St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 2004: 16-17. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 9780702235238.
- ^ Bataille, Gretchen M. American Indian Representations. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2001: 49. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 978-0-8032-1312-8.
- ^ Richardson, Valerie. Report on Conclusion of Preliminary Review in the Matter of Professor Ward Churchill. University of Colorado at Boulder. 2005 . Retrieved 26 July 2009.
- ^ Brown, Thomas. "Is Ward Churchill the New Michael Bellesiles?" George Mason University's History News Network. 14 March 2005 . Retrieved 26 July 2009.
- ^ Harjo, Suzan Shown. "Ward Churchill: The White Man's Burden." Indian Country Today. 3 August 2007 . Retrieved 26 July 2009.
- ^ Hoxie, Frederick E. Encyclopedia of North American Indians: Native American History, Culture, and Life From Paleo-Indians to the Present. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006: 191-2. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 978-0395669211
- ^ Weaver, Jace. Other Words: American Indian Literature, Law, and Culture. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001: 138. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 978-0-8061-3352-2
- ^ Valaskakis, Gail Guthrie. Indian County: Essays on Contemporary Native Culture. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2005: 221. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 978-0-88920-479-9.
- ^ Root, Deborah. Cannibal Culture: Art, Appropriation, And The Commodification Of Difference. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996: 102. (retrieved through Google Books, 26 July 2009) ISBN 978-0813320892.
- ^ Richard Aitson , 1953-. Native American Authors Project. (retrieved 1 Mar 2009)
- ^ Arthur Amiotee: Oglala Lakota. Akta Lakota Museum and Cultural Center. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ Hypatia. Project Muse. 18:2, Spring 2003 . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ Marie Annharte Baker:Biography
- ^ nativeauthors.com
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- ^ Internet Public Library:Louise Ann Barton
- ^ Tribal College Journal (2006-06-28). "Tribal College Journal of American Indian Higher Education". Tribalcollegejournal.org. http://www.tribalcollegejournal.org/themag/backissues/fall2007/fall07student4.htm#tribal. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ At the Internet Public Library: Denton Bedford
- ^ a b "Native American Authors: Shonto Begay". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A192. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ Belin, Esther. From the Belly of My Beauty. University of Arizona Press. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ At the Internet Public Library: Salli M. K. Benedict
- ^ At the Internet Public Library: Kay Bennett
- ^ Edward Benton-Banai Bio at Turtle IslandTraditional tale by Benton-Banai
- ^ At the Internet Public Library: John D. Berry
- ^ At the IPL: Moses Big Crow
- ^ At the IPL: Duane Big Eagle
- ^ At the IPL: Tiana Bighorse
- ^ Gloria Bird, 1951-. Native American Authors Project. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ "Cherokee Poetry: Buffalo and Feather Spirit". Cherokee-nc.com. http://www.cherokee-nc.com/index.php?page=75. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ At the IPL: Ned Blackhawk
- ^ Fred Bigjim:Analysis by James Ruppert
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- ^ Review from Earthen Vessel Article from Alternet on language school activities
- ^ "Native American Authors: Darren Bonaparte". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A497. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
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- ^ "Native America Calling". Native America Calling. http://www.nativeamericacalling.com/nac_staffbios.shtml. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
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- ^ "emily.html". Northstar.k12.ak.us. http://www.northstar.k12.ak.us/schools/tic/emily.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
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- ^ "Bruchac, Jesse Bowman (Abenaki) ― North American Native Authors Catalog Online". Nativeauthors.com. http://nativeauthors.com/index.php?productID=1393. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Biographical Info". Maligeet.net. http://www.maligeet.net/Biographical_Info.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Leonard R. Bruguier". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A61. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: David Burnette". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A589. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Diane Burns, Native American Lower East Side poet". Thevillager.com. http://www.thevillager.com/villager_198/dianeburnsnative.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Jimalee Chitwood Burton". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A151. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ At the IPL:Barney Bush
- ^ Plumber, Mary Annette. Getting to Know Dr. Gregory Cajete. Diverse Issues in Higher Education. 16 Oct 2008 . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ "E.K. Caldwell". Dickshovel.com. http://www.dickshovel.com/ek.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ Wilson, Linda D. "Callahan, Sophia Alice (1868—1894)." Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. (retrieved 10 Jan 2011)
- ^ "Native American Authors: Helen Slwooko Carius". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A152. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Betsey Guppy Chamberlain". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A525. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Asani Charles | Directory of Writers | Poets & Writers". Pw.org. 2009-05-20. http://www.pw.org/content/asani_charles. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Paul L.A.H. Chartrand". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A516. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Joy and Expectation in Medellín about the XIX International Poetry Festival". Festivaldepoesiademedellin.org. http://www.festivaldepoesiademedellin.org/pub.php/en/Festival/XIX_Festival/index.htm. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Bruce Chester". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A222. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Poetry International Web - Fredy Chicangana". International.poetryinternationalweb.org. http://international.poetryinternationalweb.org/piw_cms/cms/cms_module/index.php?obj_id=10214. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Rosemary Christensen". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A223. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories". Randomhouse.com. http://www.randomhouse.com/anchor/ohenry/spotlight/chuculate.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Robert Chute". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A224. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Poetry International Web - Briceida Cuevas Cob". International.poetryinternationalweb.org. http://international.poetryinternationalweb.org/piw_cms/cms/cms_module/index.php?obj_id=412&x=1. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Jacques L. Condor". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A529. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Katsi Cook". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A226. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: George Cornell". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A227. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Jeannette Dulce Henry Costo". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A393. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Rupert Costo". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A126. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Richard Courchene". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A483. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Allan Crow". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A508. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Steve Crow". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A140. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ Leonard Crow Dog, 1942-. Native American Authors Project. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Moses Cruikshank". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A391. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Steven J. Crum". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A459. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Native American Authors: Delano Cummings". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A534. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ Liselotte Erdrich, pdf
- ^ "On stage: Agokwe". Xtra!, September 25, 2008.
- ^ Lance Foster, The Indians of Iowa
- ^ Native American Authors Project: Lee Francis
- ^ Santee Frazier
- ^ Introduction. Mayan Literature. . Retrieved 29 July 2009.
- ^ Voices from the Gaps
- ^ [3]
- ^ [4]
- ^ [5]
- ^ UC Davis, Native American Studies
- ^ National Library of Australia
- ^ Roberta Hill-Whiteman on IPL
- ^ Homepage
- ^ Native American Authors Project
- ^ a b Pachakutiy taki: Canto y poesía quechua de la transformación del mundo
- ^ [6]
- ^ Report of the International Poetry Festival of Medellín
- ^ as listed at Yax Te' Books
- ^ Memoria del Festival Internacional de Poesía de Medellín
- ^ A Cherokee Encyclopedia
- ^ Books & Authors: Victor Montejo. Curbstone Press. . Retrieved 29 July 2009.
- ^ Oskison, John Milton (1874-1947). Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ Kim Shuck. Native American Authors Project. . Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ^ Paul Chaat Smith. Fear of a Red Planet.
- ^ University of Oregon: Faculty & Staff
- ^ [7]
- ^ Mary Tall Mountain
- ^ Laura Tohe on NativeWiki
- ^ Rebecca Hatcher Travis
- ^ Report of the International Poetry Festival of Medellín
- ^ "Native American Authors: Richard Van Camp". Ipl.org. http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/A415. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ Luke Warm Water at IPL
- ^ Robert Warrior, OU
- ^ Ron Welburn
- ^ IAIA Frazier and White Publish First Books
- ^ Karenne Wood
- ^ Wub-e-ke-niew
- ^ Latin American Indian Literatures Journal
- ^ Columba Portuhgal
External links
- NativeWiki literature pages
- Association for the Study of American Indian Literatures
- Internet Public Library: Native American Authors
- Associated Press/CNN.com: Reading into Native American Writers
- Storytellers: Native American Authors Online. This contains official websites of many of the authors listed above.
- Yax Te' Books catalog, publishing house for Mayan literature in Mayan, Spanish and English.
Categories:- Indigenous writers of the Americas
- Lists of writers
- Native American writers
- First Nations writers
- Lists of Native American people
- Lists of American writers
- Indigenous peoples of the Americas
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