Adduct

Adduct

:"See also adduction, one of the anatomical terms of motion."An adduct (from the Latin "adductus", "drawn toward") is a product of a direct addition of two or more distinct molecules, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components, with formation of two chemical bonds and a net reduction in bond multiplicity in at least one of the reactants. The resultant is considered a distinct molecular species. Examples include the adduct between hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate to give sodium percarbonate, and the addition of sodium bisulfite to an aldehyde to give a sulfonate.

Adducts often form between Lewis acids and Lewis bases. A good example would be the formation of adducts between the Lewis acid borane and the oxygen atom in the Lewis bases, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or diethyl ether: BH3•THF, BH3•OEt2. Compounds or mixtures that cannot form an adduct because of steric hindrance are called frustrated Lewis pairs.

Adducts are not necessarily molecular in nature. A good example from solid-state chemistry are the adducts of ethylene or carbon monoxide of CuAlCl4. The latter is a solid with an extended lattice structure. Upon formation of the adduct a new extended phase is formed in which the gas molecules are incorporated (inserted) as ligands of the copper atoms within the structure. This reaction can also be considered a reaction between a base and a Lewis acid with the copper atom in the electron-receiving and the pi-electrons of the gas molecule in the donating role. [cite journal | author = Capracotta, Michael D.; Sullivan, Roger M.; Martin, James D. | title = Sorptive Reconstruction of CuMCl4 (M = Al and Ga) upon Small-Molecule Binding and the Competitive Binding of CO and Ethylene | journal = J. Am. Chem. Soc. | year = 2006 | volume = 128 | issue = 41 | pages = 13463–13473 | doi = 10.1021/ja063172q]

References

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Adduct — Ad*duct , v. t. [L. adductus, p. p. of adducere. See {Adduce}.] (Physiol.) To draw towards a common center or a middle line. Huxley. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • adduct — adduct. См. аддукт. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • adduct — [a dukt′, ədukt′] vt. [< L adductus, pp. of adducere: see ADDUCE] Physiol. to pull (a part of the body) toward the median axis: said of a muscle: opposed to ABDUCT adductive [aduk′tiv, əduk′tiv] adj. adductor n …   English World dictionary

  • adduct — I. transitive verb Etymology: Latin adductus, past participle of adducere Date: circa 1839 to draw (as a limb) toward or past the median axis of the body; also to bring together (similar parts) < adduct the fingers > II. noun Etymology: German… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • adduct — 1. To draw toward the median plane. 2. An addition product, or complex, or one part of the same. [L. ad duco, pp. ductus, to bring toward] * * * ad·duct ə dəkt, a vt to draw (as a limb) toward or past the median axis of the body also to bring… …   Medical dictionary

  • adduct — aduktas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Skirtingų molekulių junginys, kuriame atomų jungimosi tvarka išlieka nepakitusi. atitikmenys: angl. addition compound; adduct rus. аддукт …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Adduct purification — is a technique for preparing extremely pure simple organometallic compounds, which are generally unstable and hard to handle, by purifying a stable adduct with a Lewis acid and then obtaining the desired product from the pure adduct by thermal… …   Wikipedia

  • adduct — v.t. [L. ad, near; ducere, to lead] To draw towards a median axis or plane, or one part toward another; see abduct …   Dictionary of invertebrate zoology

  • adduct — adductive, adj. v. /euh dukt /; n. /ad ukt/, v.t. 1. Physiol. to move or draw toward the axis of the body or one of its parts (opposed to abduct). n. 2. Also called addition compound. Chem. a combination of two or more independently stable… …   Universalium

  • adduct — 1. verb To draw towards a common center or a middle line. 2. noun The product of an addition reaction …   Wiktionary

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