1697

Year 1697 (MDCXCVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1697

January - June

* March - Peter the Great sets out to travel in Europe officially as "Artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov".
* March - The Spanish conquest of the Yucatan is complete with the fall of the Itza Kingdom.
* April 5 - Charles XII becomes king of Sweden upon the death of his father, Charles XI.
* May 7 - The royal castle "Tre Kronor" ("Three Crowns") in Stockholm burns to the ground. A large portion of the royal library is destroyed.

July - December

* September 11 - Battle of Zenta: Prince Eugene of Savoy crushes the Ottoman army of Mustafa II.
* September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick ends the Nine Years' War.
* December 2 - St Paul's Cathedral is opened in London.
* December 14 - Charles XII of Sweden is crowned king at the age of 15.

Undated

* The use of palanquins increases in Europe.
* Christopher Polhem starts Sweden's first technical school.
* Tayasal, capital of the Itza Maya in the Petén Basin, the last independent Maya polity, is conquered by Spain.
* The Manchu Empire conquers western Mongolia.
* The Royal African Company loses its monopoly on the slave trade.

Births

* January 30 - Johann Joachim Quantz, German flautist and composer (d. 1773)
* March 9 - Friederike Caroline Neuber, actress (d. 1760)
* August 6 - Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1745)
* October 7 - Canaletto, Italian artist (d. 1768)
* October 26 - John Peter Zenger, newspaper printer (d. 1746)
* November 10 - William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)

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Deaths

* January 8 - Thomas Aikenhead (hanged) (b. c. 1678)
* January 26 - Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (b. 1640)
* January 28 - John Fenwick, English conspirator (b. c. 1645)
* March 1 - Francesco Redi, Italian physician (b. 1626)
* March 19 - Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1665)
* March 26 - Godfrey McCulloch, Scottish politician and murderer (executed) (b. 1640)
* March 27 - Simon Bradstreet, English colonial magistrate (b. 1603)
* April 5 - King Charles XI of Sweden (stomach cancer) (b. 1655)
* April 8 - Niels Juel, Danish admiral (b. 1629)
* October 31 - William Moore, Captain William Kidd's gunner (hemorrhage in head caused by Captain Kidd hitting him with a bucket) [Cordingly, David (1995); "Under The Black Flag : The Romance and the Reality of Life Among the Pirates", Harcourt Brace & Company.]
* November 22 - Libéral Bruant, French architect (b. c. 1635)

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References