1180

Events

* April 13 — Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter.
* September 24 - Alexius II Comnenus becomes Byzantine Emperor.
* November 18 — Philip II becomes King of France.
* During the third year of the Jisho era of Japan, a devastating whirlwind damages Kyoto.
* Emperor Antoku succeeds Emperor Takakura as emperor of Japan.
* Afonso I of Portugal is taken prisoner by Ferdinand II of Leon.
* Artois is annexed by France.
* Prince Mochihito amasses a large army and instigates the Genpei War between the Taira and Minamoto clans.
* Frederick Barbarossa removes Henry the Lion from the Duchy of Saxony, and creates the Duchies of Westphalia and Styria.
* The Wittelsbach Family takes control of Bavaria.
* Kilij Arslan II allies with Saladin after the death of Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus.
* Alexander Neckam becomes a lecturer in Paris, and writes "De Natura Rerum", an early mention of chess (approximate date).
* Estimation: Hangzhou, capital of Southern Song China, becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Fes in the Almohad Empire. [http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm]
* The last major volcanic eruption occurs of Sunset Crater, in Arizona.

Births

* August 6 — Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (d. 1239)
* Berenguela of Castile, queen of Alfonso IX of Castile (d. 1246)
* Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, English soldier (d. 1230)
* King Eric X of Sweden (d. 1216)

Deaths

* September 18 — King Louis VII of France (b. 1120)
* September 24 — Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)
* October 25 — John of Salisbury, French bishop (b. c. 1120)
* Odo de St Amand - Grand Master of the Knights Templar
* Al-Mustadi, Caliph (b. 1142)
* William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber
* Abraham ibn Daud, philosopher (martyred) (b. c. 1120)
* Roman I of Kiev
* Yaroslav II of Kiev
* Prince Mochihito, son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan
* Minamoto no Yorimasa, Japanese samurai (b. 1106)
* Zhu Shuzhen, Chinese female poet