Ballard, Seattle, Washington

Ballard is a neighborhood located in the northwestern part of Seattle, Washington. To the north it is bounded by Crown Hill, ( N.W. 85th Street); to the east by Phinney Ridge and Fremont (along 8th Avenue N.W.); To the south by the Lake Washington Ship Canal; and to the west by Puget Sound’s Shilshole Bay. The neighborhood’s landmarks include the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks (known locally as the "Ballard Locks"), the Nordic Heritage Museum, the Shilshole Bay Marina, and Golden Gardens Park.

The neighborhood's main thoroughfares running north-south are Seaview, 32nd, 24th, Leary, 15th, and 8th Avenues N.W.; East-west traffic is carried by N.W. Leary Way and N.W. 85th, 80th, 65th, and Market Streets (east- and westbound). The Ballard Bridge carries 15th Avenue over Salmon Bay to the Interbay neighborhood, and the Salmon Bay Bridge carries the BNSF Railway tracks across the bay, west of the Ballard Locks.

Historic Ballard

Early Settlements

Before the settling of Seattle, the land surrounding Shilshole Bay was inhabited by the Shilshole Tribe who lived off the plentiful salmon and clams in the region. [ [http://www.ballardchamber.com/ballard.shtml Ballard Chamber of Commerce] Accessed November 12, 2007] The first European resident, homesteader Ira Wilcox Utter, moved to his claim in 1853. [ [http://www.ballardchamber.com/ballard.shtml Ballard Chamber of Commerce] Accessed November 12, 2007] Utter hoped to see a rapid expansion of population but that did not happen, so he sold the land to Thomas Burke, a judge. [ Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p21] Thirty-six years later, Judge Burke, together with John Leary and railroader Daniel H. Gilman, formed the West Coast Improvement Company to develop Burke's land holdings in the area as they anticipated the building of the Great Northern Railway along the Salmon Bay coastline on the way to Interbay and central Seattle. The partners also built a spur from Fremont’s main line of the Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railroad. Today three miles (5 km) of this line, running along Salmon Bay from N.W. 40th Street to the BNSF Railway mainline at N.W. 67th, are operated as the Ballard Terminal Railroad.Fact|date=April 2008

During the late 1800s Captain William Rankin Ballard, owner of land adjoining Judge Burke's holdings, joined the partnership with Burke, Leary, and Gilman. Then, in 1887 the partnership was dissolved and the assets divide, but no one wanted the land in Salmon Bay so the partners flipped a coin. Capt. Ballard lost the coin-toss and ended up with the “undesirable” convert|160|acre|km2|sing=on tract. [ Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p24]

The railroad to Seattle ended at Salmon Bay because the railroad company was unwilling to build a trestle to cross the bay. From the stop at “Ballard Junction,” (as the terminus was called) passengers could walk across the wagon bridge and continue the journey to Seattle. In addition to gaining notoriety as the end of the railway line fledgling Ballard benefited economically from the railway, because the railroad provided a way to bring supplies into the area and also to export locally manufactured products. Ability to ship products spurred the growth of mills of many types. Ballard’s first mill, built in 1888 by Mr. J Sinclair was a lumber mill; the second mill, finished the same year was a shingle mill. [ Wandry, Margret. Four Bridges to Seattle: Old Ballard 1853-1907. (Seattle: Ballard Printing & Publishing, 1975) p79] After the Great Seattle Fire in 1889 the mills provided opportunities for those who had lost jobs in the fire, which in turn spurred the growth of the settlement as families moved north to work in the mills.

The City of Ballard: 1890-1907

With the rapid population growth the residents realized that there might soon be a need for laws to keep order, a process that would require a formal government. In the late summer of 1889 the community discussed incorporating as a town, but eventually rejected the idea of incorporation. The issue pressed, however, so several months later, on November 4, 1889, the residents again voted on the question and this time they voted to incorporate. The first mayor of Ballard was Charles F. Treat.Seattle Municipal Archives, Annexed Cities exhibit [http://www.cityofseattle.net/CityArchives/Exhibits/annexation/panel2.htm"] ] A municipal census, conducted shortly after the passing vote showed that the new town of Ballard had more than 1500 residents, allowing it to be the first “third class town” to be incorporated in the newly admitted state of Washington. Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p57]

By 1900, Ballard's population had grown to 4,568 making it the seventh largest city in Washington, and the town was faced with many of the problems common to small towns. Saloons had been a problem since the beginning, and in 1904 the drinking and gambling became so bad that the mayor ordered the City of Ballard officially closed for the day in order to prevent gambling. [Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p62] The city also faced problems with loose livestock, so the Cow Ordinance of 1903 made allowing cows to graze south of present day 65th St. a punishable offense. The city faced more serious problems, however, with two of the most difficult being the lack of both a proper water supply and a sewer system. The one weakness of the location on Salmon Bay was the lack of nearby freshwater springs, which meant that water came from local ground water wells. Lack of a proper sewage system contaminated the ground water, compounding the problem.

The town continued to grow, reaching 17,000 residents by 1907 and becoming the second largest city in King County. [ Bass, Sophie. When Seattle Was a Village. (Seattle: Lowman & Hanford Co., 1947) p 116] However Ballard, like many of the other small cities surrounding Seattle continued to be plagued by water problems. [“The Water Situation” Ballard News. 6 April 1901] [“Notice to Water Consumers.” Ballard News. 6 July 1901] [“Would Purchase Municipal Plant.” Ballard News. 12 October 1901] [“New Well Connected Up.” Ballard News. 6 July 2007] [“New Pump Connected Up.” Ballard News. 13 July 2007] The rapid population growth had overwhelmed the city’s ability to provide services, particularly a safe drinking water and sewer, and Ballard’s city government had tried unsuccessfully to deal with the crises, so the citizens began considering asking Seattle to annex the town. [Annexation Cause is Gaining Ground.” Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 9 November 1905] [“Enthusiasm Shown for Annexation.” Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 11 November 1905] In 1905 the question was voted on and the residents voted against annexation, hoping for a solution, but the problems refused to go away. [“Ballard Votes to Go At It Alone.” Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 6 November 1905] In July 1906 the Supreme Court ruled that Seattle was not required to share water with surrounding communities. [“Will Allow Use of City Water.” Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 20 July 1906] Ballard had been dependent on a water sharing agreement with Seattle, but the Supreme Court decision left them with inadequate water, forcing a second vote on the annexation question. By this time the residents realized the inability of local resources to cope with their situation and the majority of residents voted in favor of annexation. On May 29, 1907 at 3:45pm the city of Ballard officially became part of Seattle. [Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p64] [“Ballard Is Now Part of Seattle.” Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 30 May 1907] On that day Ballard citizens showed their mixed feelings about the handover by draping their city hall with black crepe and flying the flag at half mast. [ Ballard News-Tribune. Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. (Seattle: Ballard News-Tribune, 1988) p64]

Registered Historic Places in Ballard

The following Ballard Buildings, areas and landmarks are listed on the National Register of Historic Places: [National Register of Historic Places for King County, Washington, [http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/WA/King/state.html page 1] and [http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/WA/King/state2.html page 2] . Accessed September 16, 2007.]

• Ballard Avenue Historic District: Along Ballard Avenue N.W. between N.W. Market Street and N.W. Dock Place (added in 1976, ID #76001885).

• Ballard Carnegie Library on N.W. Market Street (added 1979, ID #79002535)

• Fire Station No. 18 at the corner of Russell Avenue N.W. and N.W. Market (added 1973, ID #73001876).

• Ballard Bridge (added 1982, ID #82004231),

• Hiram M. Chittenden Locks and the Lake Washington Ship Canal (added 1978, ID #78002751).

candinavian Culture in Ballard

Historically Ballard is the traditional center of Seattle's ethnically Scandinavian seafaring community, who were drawn to the area because of the salmon fishing opportunities. [ [http://www.ballardchamber.com/ballard.shtml Ballard Chamber of Commerce - The History of Ballard] Accessed October 31, 2007] In recent years the decline of the fishing industry, and the addition of numerous condo buildings, has decreased the proportion of Scandinavian residents but the neighborhood is still proud of its heritage. Ballard is home to the Nordic Heritage Museum, which celebrates both the community of Ballard and the local Scandinavian history. Each year the community celebrates Norwegian Constitution Day (also called Syttendi Mai) on the 17th of May to commemorate the signing of the Norwegian Constitution. [http://www.syttendemaiseattle.com/ Accessed 31 October 2007]

Locals once nicknamed the neighborhood "Snoose Junction," a reference to the Scandinavian settlers' practice of using snus. [http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=983 Seattle Neighborhoods: Ballard -- Thumbnail History]

Walking in downtown Ballard much of the old flavor can still be seen as there are still many shops and bakeries with a Scandinavian theme and some businesses hang out flags from the Scandinavian countries.

Ballard In the 21st Century

Arts and Entertainment

In recent times Ballard has become one of the many interesting and unique neighborhoods in Seattle. In downtown Ballard there are many venues for live music, including bars and coffee shops. Each month the Ballard Chamber of Commerce sponsors the Second Saturday Artwalk. [ [http://inballard.com/detail.php?id=secondsaturdayartwalk Second Saturday Artwalk] Accessed November 10, 2007] Downtown Ballard also boasts a variety of restaurants and local shops. [ [http://inballard.com Boutique Shops, Neighborhood Pubs, Eclectic Restaurants, and Waterfront Parks in Ballard] Accessed November 10, 2007] Downtown Ballard is also home to the Majestic Bay Theater, which was the oldest operating movie theater on the West Coast prior to its closure in 1997. [ [http://www.seattleweekly.com/2000-10-11/arts/triple-feature.php "Triple feature"] , The Seattle Weekly, October 11, 2000. Accessed April 5, 2008] In 1998 it was renovated and transformed from a bargain single-screen theater to a well-appointed triplex. [ [http://www.majesticbay.com/AboutTheBay/corporateinfo.adp.html Majestic Bay History] Accessed November 10, 2007]

chools and Libraries

High School

Ballard High School has been supported by the involvement of Amgen, Zymogenetics, G. M. Nameplate, Youth Maritime TrainingAssociation, North Seattle Community College, Seattle City Light, and Swedish Hospital. [ [http://www.seattleschools.org/area/siso/reports/anrep/high/11.pdf Seattle Public Schools Report] Accessed November 10, 2007] It is the oldest continuously operating high school in the city. [ [http://myfremontrocks.com/neighborhood/history.php Rockwell Realty, LLC - History of Fremont] Accessed December 5, 2007] The original building was demolished in the late 1990s. The new school building is now one of the largest in the district and houses a biotechnology magnet program that attracts students from all over Seattle. [ [http://ballard.seattleschools.org/academics/academies/biotech.html Ballard High School Biotech Academy] Accessed November 11, 2007]

Elementary & Middle Schools

There are several elementary schools and one alternative school located in the neighborhood. The closest middle school is Whitman Middle School, which is located north of Ballard in the Crown Hill neighborhood. [ [http://www.seattleschools.org/area/main/map/northwest.xml Seattle Public Schools District Map] . Accessed November 10, 2007]

Adams Elementary School (K-5)

Loyal Heights Elementary School (K-5)

Whittier Elementary School (K-5)

North Beach Elementary School (K-5)

Salmon Bay School (K-8)

Libraries

The Ballard Public Library was first created as the Carnegie Free Public Library in 1904. In 1907, after annexation, the library became part of the Seattle Public Library System. The original Carnegie building was replaced with new construction in 1963. 42 years later, in 2005, a new library building, designed by architectural firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, was opened as part of the Seattle Public Library's "Libraries for All" initiative. [ [http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=branch_open_about&branchID=3 Seattle Public Libraries Website] Accessed November 10, 2007]

Urban Growth and Development

At the end of the 20th century Ballard began to experience a real-estate boom. By early 2007, nearly 20 major condominium/retail projects were under construction or had just been completed within a five-block radius of downtown Ballard. The new developments will add as many as 2500 new households to the neighborhood.Fact|date=April 2008 This growth in urban density is the result of the neighborhood plan created by former Seattle Mayor Norm Rice. Mayor Rice’s plan aimed to reduce suburban sprawl by targeting certain Seattle areas, including Ballard, for high-density development.Fact|date=April 2008 The rapid growth will increase traffic congestion because Ballard lacks mass transit links to other Seattle neighborhoods, and also suffers from a parking shortage in central Ballard.

Transit and growth remain the two most contentious issues in the greater Seattle area. A newly formed nonprofit group, called Sustainable Ballard, is exploring many of these challenges on a community level The group has adopted the slogan "A Blueprint for EveryTown USA." [http://sustainableballard.org/ Sustainable Ballard Homepage] Accessed October 25, 2006.] This fast growing community-wide effort is working on many projects, including “Undriving Ballard,” a transportation campaign to reduce traffic in the neighborhood, and "Get Carbon Neutral," working toward Ballard becoming the first carbon neutral community in the nation, a goal inspired by Al Gore's speech at NYU Law School on September 18, 2006. [http://www.nyu.edu/community/gore.html Al Gore, Policy address on solving the global climate crisis] , September 18, 2006. Accessed October 25, 2006.]

Notable people

*Edith Macefield

References

External links

* [http://www.seattle.gov/tour/HistoricDistricts/ballard/index.htm Seattle Historic Tours -- Ballard] on official Seattle city site, prepared by HistoryLink, June 2001
* Ballard News-Tribune
* [http://www.nws.usace.army.mil/PublicMenu/Menu.cfm?sitename=lwsc&pagename=mainpage Ballard Locks]
* [http://ballard.seattleschools.org Ballard High School]
* [http://www.Ballardchamber.com Ballard Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.ballarddistrictcouncil.org/ Ballard District Council]
* [http://www.myballard.com My Ballard]
* [http://sustainableballard.org Sustainable Ballard]
* [http://www.groundswellnw.org/ Groundswell NW]
* [http://nwda-db.wsulibs.wsu.edu/findaid/ark:/80444/xv79010 Guide to the City of Ballard Records 1890-1907]
* [http://nwda-db.wsulibs.wsu.edu/findaid/ark:/80444/xv27714 Guide to the Ballard Avenue Landmark District Records 1975-1995]
*Walt Crowley, [http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=983 Seattle Neighborhoods: Ballard -- Thumbnail History] , HistoryLink.org Essay 983, March 31, 1999
* [http://www.14avenw.org/ 14th Ave NW Visioning Project]
* [http://www.nordicmuseum.org/ Nordic Heritage Museum]