Wootton bridge collapse

Wootton bridge collapse

The Wootton bridge collapse occurred on June 11 1861, when the rail bridge at Wootton collapsed under the weight of a passing goods train on the line between Leamington Spa and Kenilworth owned by the London and North Western Railway Company. The train had passed over the bridge safely in the morning with a full load of coal, and was returning to Kenilworth with the empty wagons at 7 am. The 30 ton locomotive immediately fell though the deck of the bridge into the road below, and the tender crashed into the cab, killing both driver and fireman instantly. Many of the empty wagons behind were catapulted into the gap to form a pile almost up to the height of nearby telegraph poles.

Investigation

Captain Tyler of the Railway Inspectorate examined the accident on behalf of the Board of Trade. He reported that the 5 cast iron girders which supported the base of the wooden bridge had all fractured near their centres, and so caused the accident. One in particular had been mended some years before, and he thought that the failure had started here. Angle iron had been fitted along the girder to support a crack in the flange, and had been bolted onto the cast iron. Far from strengthening the girder it had actually weakened it further. In hindsight, it is likely that cracks in the girders had grown to a critical size during the initial passage of the heavy train, which then gave way when the empty train returned.

imilar Accidents

It is memorable for coming after the Dee bridge disaster of 1847, when another cast iron bridge had failed. Cast iron should not have been used in this safety-critical application, and the design seems very strange, using cast iron where timber baulks would have sufficed. The bridge had been built in 1844, well before the Dee accident, and patched with the angle iron in 1853. The discovery of the cracked girder should have alerted engineers to the problem, and all should have been replaced entirely. Cast iron failures remained a problem for many years, culminating in the fall of the Tay Rail Bridge in December, 1879 with over 75 casualties in the passenger express passing over the viaduct at the time the cast iron columns collapsed. The problem did not end there, however, because so much cast iron had been used on the rail network. A cast iron under-bridge failed suddenly under a train during the Inverythan crash in 1882, killing 5 passengers on the train. The event which really focused minds occurred in 1891, when another girder failed under the Brighton express. Although no-one was killed, the furore caused by the Norwood Junction rail accident led to a survey of all under-bridges. Several thousand were eventually found, and ultimately strengthened or replaced.

References

*PR Lewis, "Disaster on the Dee: Robert Stephenson's Nemesis of 1847", Tempus Publishing (2007) ISBN 978 0 7524 4266 2

External links

* [http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/eventsummary.php?eventID=220&PHPSESSID=dc58e10ed26474515accce846f52 Full report] from the Railway Archive
* [http://www.open2.net/historyandthearts/discover_science/bridges_p2.html Discussion of bridge failures in Britain]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Photography — is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of a light sensitive material such as photographic… …   Wikipedia

  • Список разрушений мостов — …   Википедия

  • October 2011 — is the tenth month of the current year. It began on a Saturday and ended after 31 days on a Monday. International holidays (See Holidays and observances, on sidebar at right, below) Portal:Current events This is an archived version of Wikipedia s …   Wikipedia

  • Wilts & Berks Canal — A section of the Canal near Rushey Platt, Swindon. Date of act 1795 Construction began …   Wikipedia

  • The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — This article is about the book. For the historical event, see Decline of the Roman Empire. For publication details and chapter listings, see Outline of The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. The History of the Decline and Fall… …   Wikipedia

  • Northampton Town F.C. — Northampton Town Full name Northampton Town Football Club Nickname(s) The Cobblers, Tayn, Shoe Army Founded …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”