- SORM
SORM ("Russian: Система Оперативно-Розыскных Мероприятий; Sistema Operativno-Rozysknykh Meropriyatii", literally "System of Operative Investigative Activities") is a
Russia n law passed in 1995 that allows the FSB (successor to theKGB ) to monitor communications.Amendments
ORM-2
In July 1998 the law was amended as SORM-2 to allow monitoring of the internet. According to some reports, under SORM-2 Russian
Internet service provider s (ISPs) must install a special device on their servers to allow the FSB to track all credit card transactions, e-mail messages and web use. The device, which has been estimated to cost $10,000-$30,000, must be installed at the ISPs expense. Other reports note that some ISPs have had to install direct communications lines to the FSB and that costs for implementing the required changes were in excess of $100,000.On July 25, 2000, Russia's Minister of Information Technology and Communications
Leonid Reiman issued the order No 130 "Concerning the introduction of technical means ensuring investigative activity (SORM) in phone, mobile and wireless communication and radio paging networks" stating that the FSB was no longer required to provide telecommunications and Internet companies documentation on targets of interest prior to accessing information. ( [http://www.lenta.ru/internet/2000/08/21/sorm/] , full text of the order in Russian: [http://www.libertarium.ru/libertarium/37988] )Access by seven additional government agencies
On
January 5 2000 , during his first week of office, presidentVladimir Putin amended the law to allow seven other federal security agencies access to intelligence gathered via SORM. The newly endowed agencies included:
*the tax police
*the interior ministry police
*Federal Protective Service
*border patrol and customsNotification ruling
In late 2000, a
Russian Supreme Court ruled that the FSB was required to inform ISPs when its agents were using the system. The case was started by a complaint filed by a 26 year old St. Petersburg journalist who was "fed up waiting for civil rights groups and ISPs to protest".ee also
*
Lawful interception
*Mass surveillance External links
Media
*" [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A51550-2002Mar6.html Russian Spies, They've Got Mail] - Regulations Allow Security Services to Tap Into Systems of Internet Providers".
Sharon LaFraniere ,Washington Post ,March 7 ,2002
*" [http://www.statewatch.org/news/jun00/rip3.htm Russia: Surveillance of communications] .Statewatch , June 2000.
*" [http://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/2000/02/sorm.html New KGB takes internet by SORM] ", [http://www.motherjones.com/ Mother Jones Magazine] , February 2000.
*" [http://www.cvni.net/radio/nsnl/nsnl021/nsnl21sorm.html SORM - Russia's big brother....] ", [http://www.cvni.net/radio/nsnl/nsnl021/nsnl21.html Issue #21] , [http://home.luna.nl/~ary/ Numbers & Oddities Newsletter] ,1999 December 20 Official Instructions
* [http://www.minsvyaz.ru/ministry/documents/1548/3226.shtml Об утверждении типовых Требований к плану мероприятий по внедрению технических средств для проведения оперативно-разыскных мероприятий]
15 January 2008 ru icon
* [http://www.minsvyaz.ru/ministry/documents/1548/3225.shtml Об утверждении Требований к сетям электросвязи для проведения оперативно-разыскных мероприятий. Часть I. Общие требования]16 January 2008 ru icon
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
