Kumasi

Infobox City |official_name = Kumasi
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pushpin_label_position =bottom
pushpin_map_caption =Location in Ghana
subdivision_type = District of Ghana
subdivision_name = Kumasi Metropolitan District
leader_title = Chief Executive
leader_name =Patricia Appiaegyei
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population_as_of = 2005
population_urban = 1517000
population_note = estimated
population_total =
population_metro = 2500000
area_metro_km2 = 299
population_density_km2 =
timezone = GMT
utc_offset =
timezone_DST = Not used
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latd=6 |latm=41 |lats=0 |latNS=N
longd=1 |longm=37 |longs=0 |longEW=W
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coordinates_type = type:city_region:GH-CP
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website = www.kumasimetro.org
footnotes = climate chart|Kumasi
19|32|16
21|33|68
22|33|122
22|32|139
22|31|180
21|30|214
21|28|135
20|28|76
21|29|170
21|31|184
21|31|90
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Kumasi is a city in southern central Ghana. It is located near the Lake Bosomtwe, in the Rain Forest Region about 250 km (by road) northwest of Accra. Kumasi is approximately 300 miles north of the Equator and 100 miles north of the Gulf of Guinea. It is popularly known as "The Garden City" or "heart beat" of Ghana because of its many beautiful species of flowers and plants.

Demographics

With a population of 1,517,000 [2005, source: [http://esa.un.org/unup/ United Nations Population Division] ] , Kumasi is the second-largest city in the country. The largest ethnic group is the Ashanti, but other ethnic groups are growing in size. Approximately 80% of the population is Christian and 20% Muslim, with a smaller number of adherents to traditional beliefs. It is an Anglican diocesan and Roman Catholic archdiocesan see.

History

There is evidence that the area around Kumasi has been kept cleared since the Neolithic age.

The city rose to prominence in 1695 when it became capital of the Ashanti Confederacy due to the activities of its ruler Osei Tutu. The ruler of Kumasi, known as the Kumasehene, also served as ruler of the Confederacy. With their 1701 victory over Denkyira the Asante confederacy became the primary state among the Twi speaking Akan peoples. [McCaskie, T. C. "Denkyira in the Making of Asante" in "The Journal of African History" vol. 48 (2007) no. 1, p. 1]

Parts of the city, including the Royal Palace, were destroyed by British troops in the Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War of 1874. It remains a royal city, although since all of Ghana was declared independent in 1957, the role of king has been mainly symbolic. The city holds an important place in the history of the Ashanti people, as legend claims that it was here Okomfo Anokye received the Golden stool, an embodiment of the soul of the Asanti nation.

Current Economy

Due to large gold deposits that have been mined in the area, Kumasi has been among the wealthier cities in Ghana. The city's major exports are hardwood and cocoa. Kumasi has 50% of the timber industry in Ghana, with more than 4,000 employed in the business. The Kaasai Industrial Area plays an important role in industry in the area. The Guinness Ghana Breweries is based there and is listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange.

Attractions

Features of the city include the large Kumasi Central Market, Tafo kumasi, Fort Kumasi (built by the British in 1896 to replace an Asante fort and now a museum) and the Kumasi Hat Museum. Royal Asante attractions include the Kumasi National Cultural Centre (including the Prempeh II Jubilee Museum with various Asante regalia including a reproduction of the golden stool), the Okomfo Anokye Sword, the Asantehene's Palace (built in 1972), and the Manhiya Palace, dating from 1925, now a museum.

Kumasi is also home to a zoo, and to the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology of Ghana (formerly the "Kumasi College of Technology").

The Kumasi area has one public hospital (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, 736 beds), five public clinics and 57 private clinics (1992 figures).

The city's most famous son is the former Secretary-General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan. The local football (soccer) team, the Kumasi Asante Kotoko has won several national and continental awards. Their stadium was built in 1959, renovated in 1978, and again in 2007 with a seating capacity of 40,000 [http://www.thestatesmanonline.com/pages/news_detail.php?newsid=3938&section=3] .

Festivals

Please note that, the information on festivals for Kumasi is misleading. Homowo is a festival celebrated by the gas and not Ashantis. All the information given are true for Accra and not Kumasi. Rather the Ashantis celebrates Akwasidee.

Homowo is an annual festival which celebrated by the Gaspeaking people. It is said to be originated during a period of "great famine which was eventually followed by a bumper harvest of grain and fish" (Wiafe, New Internationalist). The word literally means "hooting at hunger". [Wiafe, Samuel. "Hooting At Hunger: There's a Festival in Ghana Where You Can Find a Spouse, Race a Bicycle … and Even End Up More Optimistic Than You Began …." New Internationalist (1999). 2 May 2008 .]

Leading up to the festival, Kumasi faces several restrictionssuch as no loud music, no drumming, no whistling after dark, and no eating yam. [Witcombe. "The Odwira Festival." Trave Journal (2005). 2 May 2008 .]

On Monday, the starting week of the festival, men from three royal families in the village swipes the path between the "ancestral burial grounds and the town" (travel journal.com)

On early Tuesday morning, the restrictions placed on Kumasi are lifted. In the Tuesday afternoon, the entire town line up in the streets and "cheers and screams" [Witcombe. "The Odwira Festival." Travel Journal (2005). 2 May 2008 .] as male members of royal family return, who departed in earlier morning to a walk to the sacred burial site of the ancestors in order to ask for permission for the festival to begin. (Traveljournals.net)

A Wednesday festival is set to be a remembrance day. It "belongs quaintly to an African past". [Appiah, Kwame A. "The Case for Contamination." The New York Times (2006). 2 May 2008 .] (Appiah, Kwame, The Case for Contamination) This day people will "openly weep and others drink their heads out, remembering their lost departed ones". (Wiafe, New Internationalist). One of the issues,Kumasi faces, as Appiah claims, is that before king arrives, people are taking calls on cell phones, and discussing contemporary issues. [Appiah, Kwame A. "The Case for Contamination." The New York Times (2006). 2 May 2008 .] Kumasi, with the effects of globalization, also have gained a lot of travelers around the world, coming to this festival. [Appiah, Kwame A. "The Case for Contamination." The New York Times (2006). 2 May 2008 .]

Please note that, the information on festivals for Kumasi is misleading. Homowo is a festival celebrated by the gas and not Ashantis. All the information given are true for Accra and not Kumasi. Rather the Ashantis celebrates Akwasidee

Transportation

Kumasi is served by Kumasi Airport and railway lines to Accra and Takoradi. Because of the barrier mountain range just to the north, the rail system does not yet go further to the north.

Public transit in the city is provided by a mix of privately owned Mini-buses (known as Tro-Tros), taxis and buses. Tro-Tros are usually converted Mini-buses that run a regular, well-known route. They are cheap and frequent but often in poor repair and over-crowded. Some taxis also run regular routes, which cost more but provide for a more comfortable ride. Recently in 2002, the city introduced metro bus services, which were initially met with skepticism by commuters, but have increased in popularity.

As of 2007, Boankra Inland Port is being built about 25km away.

Twin Cities

* - Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
* - Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
* - Newark, New Jersey, United States

References

External links

* [http://www.fallingrain.com/world/GH/0/Kumasi4.html FallingRain Map - elevation = 246m (Red dots are railwauys)]

* [http://www.vibeghana.com Kumasi News ]
* [http://www.andycarvin.com/archives/2005/07/strolling_throu.html Strolling Through Kumasi Central Market] - Web video exploring Kumasi's Central Market, produced by Andy Carvin.