1712

Year 1712 (MDCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). Year 1712 of the Swedish calendar was a double leap year starting on Monday, see February 30 below.

Events of PAGENAME

January - June

* January 26 - Tuscarora War: More than half of the Native Americans in Colonel John Barnwell's Carolina militia desert during the crossing of the Cape Fear River.
* January 29 - Tuscarora War: Colonel John Barnwell's Carolina militia attack the sprawling Tuscarora farming community of Torhunta by focusing on Fort Narhantes. Many Tuscarora captives are enslaved.
* February 4 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia burns Torhunta and heads north towards Chief Hancock's forces.
* February 5 - Tuscarora War: Due to severe desertion by Native American troops, Colonel John Barnwell's militia changes course and heads towards Bath.
* February 6 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia burns the abandoned Tuscarora village of Chunaneets.
* February 11 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia of Native Americans and settlers from the South Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina arrive at Bath.
* February 27 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia leaves Fort Reading on the Pamlico River to attack the Tuscarora stronghold of Catechna.
* February 30 - Sweden temporarily adopts February 30th as a day to adjust the Swedish Calendar closer to the Julian calendar.
* March 1 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia, strengthened by settlers and Native Americans from the North Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina, arrive at the Tuscaroran stronghold of Catechna to find it deserted.
* March 5 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia attacks a Tuscaroran fort on the banks of Contentea Creek opposite Catechna. The attack fails and the 2 sides agree to a temporary truce.
* March 6 - Tuscarora War: Colonel John Barnwell's militia leaves Catechna for New Bern, the North Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina, after agreeing to meet with the Chief Hancock of the Tuscarora on March 19 for peace negotiations.
* March 19 - Tuscarora War: Scheduled peace negotiations between the Tuscarora and the Province of Carolina fail when the Tuscarora fail to send a representative to the meeting. Colonel John Barnwell's forces begin building Fort Barnwell on the Neuse River near Contentea Creek.
* April - A black insurrection takes place in New York City; 21 blacks are executed after the militia suppresses the rebellion.
* April 1 - Tuscarora War: Governor Edward Hyde of the North Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina notifies Colonel John Barnwell that reinforcements and supplies are en route to Fort Barnwell.
* April 7 - Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia lays siege to Hancock's Fort on Contentea Creek without waiting for reinforcements.
* April 17 - Tuscarora War: The siege of Hancock's Fort ends when the Tuscarora garrison agrees to a conditional surrender. The North Carolina government censures Colonel John Barnwell and relieves him of his command for failing to obey orders. Tuscarora attacks increase in the coming months.
* June - Tuscarora War: An agent from the North Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina asks the provincial government in Charles Town, South Carolina for 1,000 troops under the command of a commander other than Colonel John Barnwell to fight the Tuscarora and their allies. The request is granted.

July - December

* July 24 - Battle of Denain: The French defeat a combined Dutch-Austrian force.
* September 9 - Tuscarora War: Thomas Pollock becomes acting governor of the North Carolina portion of the Province of Carolina after Governor Edward Hyde succumbs to yellow fever. The new governor assumes control over the Carolina militia in the continuing war against the Tuscarora.
* November 25 - Tuscarora War: Although acting governor of North Carolina Thomas Pollock knows Colonel James Moore's South Carolina militia is en route to attack the Tuscarora, he meets with Chief Tom Blunt of the Tuscarora and representatives of several other tribes to discuss a peace treaty. Chief Blunt agrees to capture and deliver fellow Tuscarora Chief Hancock to the North Carolinians in exchange for an end to hostilities. He follows through on the deal and Chief Hancock is executed.
* December 9 - Battle of Gadebusch: Sweden defeats Denmark and Saxony.

Undated

* The Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholics and Protestants, introducing the Protestant faith into Switzerland.
* Thomas Newcomen builds the first piston-operated steam engine at Tipton, Staffordshire, England.
* After many years of settlement, the "Town on Queen Anne's Creek" is established as a courthouse for Chowan County, North Carolina. The town is renamed Edenton in 1720 and incorporated in 1722.
* The VOC "Zuytdorp" is wrecked off the coast of Western Australia.
* John Arbuthnot creates the character of "John Bull" to represent Britain.

Ongoing events

* Great Northern War (1700-1721)
* War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713)
* Tuscarora War (1711 - 1715)

Births

* January 17 - John Stanley, English composer (d. 1786)
* January 24 - King Frederick the Great of Prussia (d. 1786)
* January 28 - Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (d. 1761)
* February 28 - Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander (d. 1759)
* March 8 - John Fothergill, English physician (d. 1780)
* March 22 - Edward Moore, English writer (d. 1757)
* March 27 - Claude Bourgelat, French veterinary surgeon (d. 1779)
* May 13 - Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff, Danish statesman (d. 1772)
* June 21 - Luc Urbain de Bouexic, comte de Guichen, French admiral (d. 1790)
* June 28 - Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher (d. 1778)
* October 5 - Francesco Guardi, Italian artist (d. 1793)
* October 12 - William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1801)
* October 14 - George Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1770)
* October 21 - Sir James Denham Steuart, 4th Baronet, British economist (d. 1780)
* November 25 - Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French philanthropist and developer of signed French (d. 1789)
* December 11 - Francesco Algarotti, Italian philosopher (d. 1764)
* December 12 - Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, Austrian military leader (d. 1780)

Deaths

* February 2 - Martin Lister, English naturalist and physician (b. c. 1638)
* February 18 - Louis, duc de Bourgogne, heir to the throne of France (b. 1682)
* March 25 - Nehemiah Grew, English naturalist (b. 1641)
* April 11 - Richard Simon, French Biblical critic (b. 1638)
* April 27 - John Crowne, English playwright (b. 1641)
* April 30 - Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Protestant theologian (b. 1633)
* June 11 - Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme, Marshal of France (b. 1654)
* July 1 - William King, English poet (b. 1663)
* July 12 - Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1626)
* July 26 - Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (b. 1631)
* August 3 - Joshua Barnes, English scholar (b. 1654)
* August 18 - Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers, English soldier (b. c. 1660)
* August 29 - Gregory King, English statistician (b. 1648)
* September 9 - North Carolina Governor Edward Hyde (c. 1650-1712) (b. c. 1650)
* September 12 - Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter (b. 1637)
* September 14 - Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-French astronomer and engineer (b. 1625)
* September 15 - Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, English politician (b. c.1645)
* November 15
**James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nationalist (b. 1658)
**Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, English politician (b. 1675)