- Stud farm
A stud farm or stud in
animal husbandry , is an establishment forselective breeding oflivestock . The word "stud" comes from the Old English "stod" meaning "herd of horses, place where horses are kept for breeding" [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=stud Online Etymology Dictionary ] ] Historically, documentation of the breedings that occur on a stud farm leads to the development of astud book .The word stud is often restricted to larger domesticated (especially farm) animals, such as cattle and horses. A specialized vocabulary exists for the studs of other animals, such as
kennel (dog),cattery (cat) andaviary (birds).Monastic stud farms
During the
Middle Ages , stud farms were often managed as part of amonastery . At the time, few people apart from monks could read and write, and so they were charged with the responsibility of recordingpedigree s. TheCarthusian monks are famous for their role in breeding theAndalusian horse inSpain , while monasteries inBavaria were responsible for the originalRottaler horse.State stud farms
A state stud farm (German: "Landgestüt") is one that is owned by the government. The first state studs were ordered by
Louis XIV of France in 1665. The purpose of the state studs was to make high-quality horses available to local breeders and farmers to accelerate the evolution of local horses. Stud farms which kept a herd ofmare s in addition tostallion s were dubbed "Principal" Studs. State-owned stallions were made accessible with low or nostud fee s.Germany is most famous for its Principal and State Studs, which have been instrumental in the shaping of the German riding horses and several breeds of German cold bloods. The Hanoverian is associated with the State Stud of Celle, the Rhinelander andWestphalian with the State Stud ofWarendorf , theBrandenburger with the Principal Stud of Neustadt an der Dosse, and so on.cite web |url=http://www.horse-gate.com/landgestuete/index_en.html |title=History and present day situation of the principal and state studs of Germany |author=Eylers |work=State Studs of Germany |accessdate=2008-02-05]Other European state studs include:
* Lipizza (1580) of Austria, known for theLipizzan er horse
* Kladrub (1579), another state stud established by Austria in what is now the Czech Republic, which breeds theKladruber
* Mezöhegyes (1784) of Hungary
* Babolna (1789) of Hungary, which breeds theArabian horse , theShagya Arabian and others
* Radautz (1792) of Austria
* Piber (1798) of Austria, began as a military depot, since 1920 known for breeding theLipizzan er horse
*Janów Podlaski (1817) in Poland, best known for breeding purebred Arabians.
* Kisber (1853) of Hungary
* The Irish National Stud (1946), which breedsThoroughbred s
* Michałów (1953) of Poland, which breeds Arabians.
*Marbach stud , (1477) also known as Weil-Marbach, Germany. Produces Arabians,Black Forest Horse s, Haflingers, andwarmblood s.
*Yeguada Militar , SpainThe German city of "
Stuttgart " gets its name from stud farms.ee also
*
Horse breeding References
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.