Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computing
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computing
NMR quantum computing uses the spin states of molecules as qubits. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems, in this case molecules. The ensemble is initialized to be the thermal equilibrium state (see quantum statistical mechanics). In mathematical parlance, this state is given by the density matrix::where "H" is the hamiltonian matrix of an individual molecule and
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Operations are performed on the ensemble through magnetic pulses applied perpendicular to a strong, static field, created by a very large magnet. See Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.
Some early success was obtained in performing quantum algorithms in NMR systems due to the relative maturity of NMR technology. For instance, in 2001 researchers at IBM reported the successful implementation of Shor's algorithm in a 7-qubit NMR quantum computer [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/414883a] .
References
*cite journal | author=Lieven M. K. Vandersypen, Matthias Steffen, Gregory Breyta, Costantino S. Yannoni, Mark H. Sherwood and Isaac L. Chuang | title=Experimental realization of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm using nuclear magnetic resonance | journal=Nature | year=2001 | volume=414 | issue= | pages=883–887 | doi=10.1038/414883a
* [http://xstructure.inr.ac.ru/x-bin/revtheme3.py?level=1&index1=-268521&skip=0 Review Articles on arxiv.org]
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