Daniel Rutherford

Daniel Rutherford
Daniel Rutherford

Daniel Rutherford. Mezzotint engraving after a portrait by Sir Henry Raeburn.
Born 3 November 1749
Edinburgh
Died 15 December 1819[1]
Nationality Scottish
Fields Chemistry
Institutions Physician in Edinburgh (1775-86)
Professor of Medicine and Botany, Edinburgh University, and Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh (1786-1819)
King's Botanist in Scotland (1786-)
Physician at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary (1791)
Alma mater University of Edinburgh
Known for Nitrogen
Influences Joseph Black

Daniel Rutherford FRSE FRCPE FLS FSA(Scot) (1749–1819) was a Scottish physician, chemist and botanist who is most famous for the isolation of nitrogen in 1772.[2]

Rutherford was the uncle of the novelist Sir Walter Scott.

Contents

Early life

The son of Professor John Rutherford (1695–1779) and Anne Mackay, Daniel Rutherford was born in Edinburgh on 3 November 1749. He was educated at Mundell's School and Edinburgh University (MD 1772).

Rutherford's Isolation of Nitrogen

When Joseph Black was studying the properties of carbon dioxide, he found that a candle would not burn in it.

He turned this problem over to his student at the time, Daniel Rutherford. Rutherford kept a mouse in a space with a confined quality of air until it died. Then, he burned a candle in the remaining air until it went out. Afterwards, he burned phosphorus in that, until it would not burn. Then the air was passed through a carbon dioxide absorbing solution. The remaining air did not support combustion, and a mouse could not live in it.

Rutherford called the gas (which we now know would have consisted primarily of nitrogen) “noxious air” or “phlogisticated air”.

Rutherford reported the experiment in 1772. He and Black were convinced of the validity of the phlogiston theory, so they explained their results in terms of it.

He was a professor of botany at the University of Edinburgh and keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. He left home at the age of 16 to go to college.

See also

References

External links


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  • Daniel Rutherford — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Daniel Rutherford. Retrato en grabado manera negra de Sir Henry Raeburn Daniel Rutherford (* 3 de noviembre de 1749 15 de noviembre de 1819) fue un médico, químico, y botánic …   Wikipedia Español

  • Daniel Rutherford — (* 3. November 1749 in Edinburgh; † 15. November 1819 ebenda) war ein schottischer Chemiker und Botaniker. Er ist der Entdecker des chemischen Elements Stickstoff. Sein offizielles botanisches Autorenkürzel lautet „Rutherf.“ …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Daniel Rutherford — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Rutherford. Daniel Rutherford Daniel Rutherford (3 novembre 1749 15 novembre 1819) est un m …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Daniel Rutherford Haldane — (27 March 1824 – 12 April 1887) was a prominent Scottish physician, who became president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. His father was minister James Alexander Haldane, and his second wife Margaret Rutherford, a daughter of… …   Wikipedia

  • Daniel Rutherford — noun British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749 1819) • Syn: ↑Rutherford • Instance Hypernyms: ↑chemist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Rutherford — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Albert G. Rutherford (1879–1941), US amerikanischer Politiker Alexander Cameron Rutherford (1857–1941), kanadischer Politiker Ann Rutherford (* 1920), US amerikanische Schauspielerin Daniel Rutherford… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Rutherford — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Personnes Ernest Rutherford, (1871 1937), physicien néo zélandais, père de la physique nucléaire Daniel Rutherford, (1749 1819), chimiste britannique… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Rutherford — noun 1. British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749 1819) • Syn: ↑Daniel Rutherford • Instance Hypernyms: ↑chemist 2. British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871 1937) • …   Useful english dictionary

  • Daniel Van Winkle — Born March 9, 1816(1816 03 09) Rutherford, New Jersey, New Jersey Died January 16, 1886(1886 01 16) (aged 69) Rutherford, New Jersey Nationality Dutch American …   Wikipedia

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