1271

Events

Europe

* July 2 - Kings Otakar II of Bohemia and Stephen V of Hungary sign the first Peace of Pressburg, settling territorial claims following the failed invasion of Hungary by Otakar II.
* September 1 - Pope Gregory X succeeds Pope Clement IV as the 184th pope, as the compromise candidate between French and Italian cardinals, ending a 3-year conclave, the longest ever.
* The County of Toulouse is returned to the crown of France.
* Marco Polo departs from Venice with his father and uncle on his famous journey to Kublai Khan's China.
* The construction of Caerphilly Castle, the largest in Wales, is completed.
* Construction of the Belaya Vezha in Belarus is begun.

North Africa and the Middle East

* April 8 - Mamluk sultan Baibars continues his territorial expansion, capturing the strategically important castle Krak des Chevaliers from the Knights Hospitaller in present-day Syria.
* Mamluk sultan Baibars conducts an unsuccessful siege of the city of Tripoli, and also fails in an attempted naval invasion of Cyprus.
* Edward I of England and Charles of Anjou arrive in Acre, starting the Ninth Crusade against Baibars; however, they are unable to capture any territory and a peace is quickly negotiated.

Asia

* September 12 - According to the followers of Nichiren Buddhism, the sect's founder, Nichiren, reaches a turning point known as "hosshaku kempon", as he discards his identity as a mortal priest and begins to reveal himself as a reincarnation of the Buddha.
* December 18 - Kublai Khan renames his empire "Yuan" (元 yuán), officially marking the start of the Yuan Dynasty of China.
* The Nakhi kingdom of the northern Himalayan foothills is annexed by the Yuan Dynasty.

Births

* May - Joan of Acre, daughter of King Edward I of England (d. 1307)
* September 8 - Charles Martel d'Anjou, son of Charles II of Naples (d. 1295)
* September 17 - King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (d. 1305)
* November 5 - Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler (d. 1304)
**Emperor Bing of Song (d. 1279)
**Elizabeth of Aragon, queen of Denis of Portugal (d. 1336)
**Mikhail Yaroslavich, Grand Prince of Vladimir (d. 1318)
**Duke Rudolph II of Austria (d. 1290)

Deaths

* January 18 - Saint Margaret of Hungary (b. 1242)
* January 28 - Isabella of Aragon, queen of Philip III of France (b. 1247)
* March 13 - Henry of Almain, English crusader (b. 1235)
* August 21 - Alphonse of Toulouse, son of Louis VIII of France (b. 1220)
* September 9 - Yaroslav of Tver, Grand Duke of Vladimir
* October 27 - Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy, French crusader (b. 1213)
* Hajji Bektash Wali, Turkish mystic (b. 1209)
* Richard de Grey, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
* Baraq, khan
* Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster (b. 1220)