1212

Events

* July 10 - The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground, Over 3,000 people died.
* July 17 - Battle of Navas de Tolosa: The Christian kingdoms of Spain decisively defeat the Almohads.
* December - Frederick II of Hohenstaufen is crowned King of Germany with the support of Pope Innocent III.
* The Children's Crusade, led by 12-year-old Stephen of Cloyes, sets out for the Holy Land from France.
* Crusaders push the Muslims out of northern Spain.
* In Japan, Kamo no Chōmei writes the "Hōjōki", one of the great works of classical Japanese prose.
* Bran Castle is erected by the Teutonic Knights.

Births

* March 22 - Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1234)
* Yolande of Jerusalem (d. 1228)
* Malatesta da Verucchio, Italian condottiero, founder of the Malatesta family (d. 1312)
* Zita, patron saint of maids and domestic servants (d. 1272)

Deaths

* March 26 - King Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1154)
* April 12 - Vsevolod the Big Nest, Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1154)
* October 9 - Philip I of Namur, Marquis of Namur (b. 1175)
* November 4 - Felix of Valois, French saint (b. 1127)
* December 12 - Geoffrey, Archbishop of York (b. 1152)
* Dirk van Are, bishop and lord of Utrecht
* William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale
* Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale
* Margaret of Huntingdon, eldest daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon by his wife (b. 1180)
* Maria of Montferrat, Queen of Jerusalem (b. 1192)
* Peter de Preaux, Norman knight in the service of the Angevin kings of England
* Robert of Auxerre, French chronicler (b. 1156)
* Hōnen, founder of Jodo Shu, a branch of Pure Land Buddhism (b. 1133)
* Robert of Shrewsbury, Bishop of Bangor