Japanese destroyer Michishio

Michishio on October 31, 1937.
Career
Name:	Michishio
Ordered:	1934 Maru-2 Program
Builder:	Fujinagata Shipyards
Laid down:	November 5, 1935
Launched:	March 15, 1937
Commissioned:	October 31, 1937
Struck:	January 10, 1945
Fate:	Sunk at Battle of Surigao Strait, October 22, 1944
General characteristics
Class and type:	Asashio-class destroyer
Displacement:	2,370 long tons (2,408 t)
Length:	111 m (364 ft) pp 115 m (377 ft 4 in)waterline 118.3 m (388 ft 1 in) OA
Beam:	10.3 m (33 ft 10 in)
Draft:	3.7 m (12 ft 2 in)
Propulsion:	2-shaft geared turbine, 3 boilers, 50,000 shp (37,285 kW)
Speed:	35 knots (40 mph; 65 km/h)
Range:	5,700 nmi (10,600 km) at 10 kn (19 km/h) 960 nmi (1,780 km) at 34 kn (63 km/h)
Complement:	200
Armament:	• 6 × 12.7 cm/50 Type 3 DP guns • up to 28 × Type 96 AA guns • up to 4 × Type 93 AA guns • 8 × 24 in (610 mm) torpedo tubes • 36 depth charges

Michishio (満潮, Full Tide^?) ^[1]was the third of ten Asashio-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the mid-1930s under the Circle Two Supplementary Naval Expansion Program (Maru Ni Keikaku).

History

The Asashio class destroyers were larger and more capable that the preceding Shiratsuyu-class, as Japanese naval architects were no longer constrained by the provisions of the London Naval Treaty. These light cruiser-sized vessels were designed to take advantage of Japan’s lead in torpedo technology, and to accompany the Japanese main striking force and in both day and night attacks against the United States Navy as it advanced across the Pacific Ocean, according to Japanese naval strategic projections.^[2] Despite being one of the most powerful classes of destroyers in the world at the time of their completion, none survived the Pacific War.^[3]

Michishio, built at the Fujinagata Shipyards in Osaka was laid down on November 5, 1935, launched on March 15, 1937 and commissioned on October 31, 1937.^[4]

Operational history

On commissioning, Michishio was assigned to support Japanese combat operations in the Second Sino-Japanese War from November-December 1937. However, following reports of operational problems with her sister ship Asashio, she was withdrawn to Sasebo Naval Arsenal for modifications and replacement of her engines.

At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Michishio was assigned to Destroyer Division 8 (Desdiv 8), and a member of Destroyer Squadron 2 (Desron 2) of the IJN 2nd Fleet, escorting Admiral Nobutake Kondō's Southern Force Main Body out of Mako Guard District as distant cover to the Malaya and Philippines invasion forces in December 1941.^[5]

Michishio escorted a troop convoy from Mako towards Singora, then put into Hong Kong on 5 January 1942. She escorted another troop convoy to Davao, and then accompanied the Ambon invasion force (January 31), the Makassar invasion force (February 8) and the Bali/Lombok invasion force (February 18).

On the night of February 19, Michishio participated in the Battle of Badoeng Strait. Michishio was guarding the transport Sagami Maru off Bali when an Allied fleet attacked. Michishio was caught in crossfire by four United States Navy destroyers and severely damaged, with 13 crewmen dead and 83 injured. She was towed by Asashio to Makassar for repairs.

In March, after emergency repairs at Makassar, Michishio returned to Yokosuka Naval Arsenal for further repairs, which lasted to the end of October. Returning to active duty at Rabaul at the end of October, Michishio was assigned to three “Tokyo Express” transport runs in early November. During the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on November 14, she was damaged by United States Navy aircraft, and had to be towed to Shortland Island for repairs. However, field repairs proved impossible, and she was towed to Rabaul, then to Truk, and finally to Yokosuka, arriving on March 17, 1943. Michishio remained under repair at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal to November 14, during which time one of her main gun turrets was replaced by two triple Type 96 AA guns. She returned to Truk at the end of 1943 and escorted Kumano and Suzuya on a mission to Kavieng at the end of the year.

In January 1944, Michishio returned to Kure Naval District together with the battleship Yamato, and escorted a troop convoy back to Truk at the end of that month. For the end two months, she served largely as escort for the battleship Musashi

During the Battle of the Philippine Sea, Michishio was in Admiral Takatsugu Jōjima’s “Force B”, but did not see combat during that battle. Afterwards, she assisted the torpedoed tanker Itsukushima Maru at Negros Island, and escorted the battleship Japanese battleship Fuso from Davao to Kure. She accompanied the battleship Haruna in August from Sasebo to Singaopre and then escorted supply convoys to Brunei.

During the Battle of Surigao Strait, Michishio was in Admiral Shōji Nishimura’s Southern Force. On October 22, she was struck by a torpedo fired by USS McDermut (DD-677) , and then finished off by USS Hutchins (DD-476) at position 10°25′N 125°23′E / 10.417°N 125.383°E / 10.417; 125.383.^[6] Michishio was removed from the navy list on January 10, 1945.

References

• D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X. 
• Brown, David (1990). Warship Losses of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
• Hammel, Eric (1988). Guadalcanal: Decision at Sea : The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov. 13–15, 1942. (CA): Pacifica Press. ISBN 0-517-56952-3. 
• Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895–1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8. 
• Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X. 
• Nelson, Andrew N. (1967). Japanese–English Character Dictionary. Tuttle. ISBN 0-8048-0408-7. 
• Watts, Anthony J (1967). Japanese Warships of World War II. Doubleday. ASIN B000KEV3J8. 
• Whitley, M J (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-521-8. 

External links

• CombinedFleet.com: Asashio-class destroyers
• CombinedFleet.com: Michishio history
• GlobalSecurity.org: Asashio class destroyers
• Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy

Notes

1. ^ Nelson. Japanese-English Character Dictionary. Page 562, 570
2. ^ Peattie & Evans, Kaigun .
3. ^ Globalsecurity.org, IJN Asashio class destroyers
4. ^ Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). "Asashio class 1st class destroyers". Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy. http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0427.htm. 
5. ^ Allyn D. Nevitt (1998). "IJN Michishio: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. http://www.combinedfleet.com/michi_t.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-06. ^{[dead link]}
6. ^ Brown, David (1990). Warship Losses of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-914-X.