Lancia Flaminia

Infobox Automobile


name = Lancia Flaminia
manufacturer = Lancia
parent_company = Fiat Group (since 1969)
production = 1957–1970
predecessor = Lancia Aurelia
successor = Lancia Gamma
class = Luxury car
platform =
layout = FR layout
body_style = 4-door sedan ("Lancia")
2-door coupé "(Pininfarina)"
2-door coupé ("Zagato")
2-door coupé ("Touring")
2-door cabrio ("Touring")
4-door landaulet limousine "(Pininfarina)"cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20050324083750/www.carsfromitaly.com/lancia/index.html|title=CarsFromItaly.com Lancia pages (via the Wayback Machine)|accessdate=2006-05-13]
engine = 2.5 L OHC "Lancia V6"
2.8 L OHC "Lancia V6"
transmission = 4-speed manual
"Saxomat" semi-auto
wheelbase = Auto mm|2870 saloon
Auto mm|2515 coupé
length = Auto mm|4877 saloon
Auto mm|4496 coupé
width = Auto mm|1753 saloon
Auto mm|1651 coupé
height = Auto mm|1473 saloon
Auto mm|1295 coupé
track = Auto mm|1372 saloon
Auto mm|1372 coupé
weight = Auto kg|1430 saloon
Auto kg|1440
Pinin. coupé
aka =
fuel_economy =
fuel_capacity=
related = Lancia Aurelia
similar = Alfa Romeo 2600
Fiat 2300
Mercedes-Benz "Fintail"
Vanden Plas Princess
designer = Pininfarina, Zagato, TouringThe Lancia Flaminia is a luxury car from the Italian automaker, Lancia, built from 1957 to 1970. It was Lancia's flagship model at that time, replacing the Aurelia. It was available throughout its lifetime as sedan, coupé, cabrio, and a stretched limousine model was even created for official service. The Flaminia (save for the sedan) was a coachbuilt car with bodies from the most prestigious Italian coachbuilders. The demise of this model in 1970 left a void only filled by Lancia Gamma in 1976.

With only 12,633 sold over 13 years,cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/jeandebarsy/Welcome.html?994944423760|title=Jean de Barsy's Flaminia pages - production figures, famous owners|accessdate=2006-05-13] the Flaminias were truly exclusive and unique cars, and are very rare collectibles now. Interestingly, coupés outsold the 4-door variant by far, even in spite of shorter production run and coachbuilt bodies.

Name

Following the tradition of naming models after Roman roads, the Flaminia was named after Via Flaminia, the road leading from Rome to Ariminum (Rimini).

= Development =

The Flaminia's chassis was a development of the Aurelia's, but was significantly upgraded. Most importantly, the front suspension was independent, with double wishbones, coil springs, telescopic shock absorbers, and an anti-roll bar. The rear suspension retained the De Dion setup, with a transaxle mounted at the rear as in the Aurelia. In the beginning, the Flaminia came with drum brakes, but discs were substituted after the initial 500 or so cars were built.

The body was developed by Pininfarina and previewed by the Aurelia-based Florida prototypes. While the Florida I, presented at the 1956 Turin Motor show, was a sedan with suicide doors, the Florida II, presented a year later at the Salon International de l'Auto in Geneva, was a coupé, and became Battista Farinas personal car of choice. The final production Lancia Flaminia was also shown in 1957.

= Engines =

:"For more details, see Lancia V6 engineThe Flaminia's engine was an evolution of the world's first V6, which was introduced in the Aurelia. It had increased bore and decreased stroke, and a much bigger displacement. The engines were mounted longitudinally, powering the rear wheels through a 4-speed rear-mounted transaxle. An version with increased displacement was introduced in 1962.

= Body styles =

Berlina

basing on the Florida I prototype, this body was actually handbuilt by Lancia, as the only one for Flaminia. This was also the only body to last through the entire production period. There were 3,344 Berlinas built with the 2.5 L engine (102/110 bhp specification), and additional 599 with the 2.8 L (128 bhp). They were assembled at Lancia's old facility at Borgo Sao Paolo as the last model to be built there.

The very first series had double wipers on the rear window (2 outside, 2 inside). These were deleted on the latter versions.Cite web|url=http://www.aboutmycar.com/category/car_history/history_of_makes/lancia/lancia-history-1609-p2.htm|title=Lancia History|accessdate=2007-06-28|work=aboutmycar.com]

Coupé

The Coupé was also penned by Pininfarina, and built by the coachbuilder. It was very similar to the Florida II prototype with a 2+2 layout and had a shortened wheelbase, as all 2-door versions. The Coupé has a front nearly identical to the Berlina, but the headlight frames are completely round, whereas they point slightly upwards in the sedan. 5,236 Coupés (4,151 with the 2.5, 1,085 with the 2.8) were built until 1967.

GT, GTL and Covertibile

Carrozzeria Touring designed and built those two-door versions, which can be easily distinguished by their four round headlights (rather than two on Pininfarina Flaminias), and a shorter cabin - the wheelbase was decreased significantly for the GT and Convertibile, allowing for only two seats to be mounted. The GT was a coupé, while the Convertibile was obviously a cabriolet version (with optional hardtop). The GTL, introduced in 1962, was a 2+2 version of the GT with a slightly longer wheelbase. The Convertibile was in production until 1964, with 847 made in total (180 with the 2.8), while the GT and GTL lasted until 1965, with 1718 GTs and 300 GTLs made (out of which, 168 GTs and only 3 GTLs with the 2.8).

Sport and Super Sport

The Sport was built by Zagato, and was also a two-seater. It used the same shorter wheelbase chassis as the GT, and had a very distinctive rounded aluminium body. The Super Sport replaced the Sport in 1964, with the introduction of the 2.8 L 152 bhp engine. The Zagatos had the famous pop-out handles. The first Sports had flush covered headlights, later changed to more classic round ones. The Super Sport also saw some changes - the rear was updated to a Kammback, while the front was made more aerodynamic with distinctive tear-shape headlight casings. Until 1967, 593 Sports and Super Sports were built (99 Preseries, 344 Sports, 150 Supersports).

335 (Presidenziale/Quirinale)

When in 1960 Queen Elizabeth II announced her visit to Italy, President Gronchi commissioned Pininfarina to deliver four stretched Lancia Flaminia limousines to appropriately service the visit (and also renew the dated presidential fleet). The cars were built in a record time of 6 months to a detailed specification, with the assistance of General Motors with regard to various electric extras. They were seven-seater landaulets, painted dark blue, with black Connolly Leather upholstery, Voxon radio and Pirelli tires.

This model was officially called 335 (due to its 335 cm wheelbase), and was also referred to as "Presidenziale" or "Quirinale" (after Quirinal Palace, the residence of the President of the Italian Republic). Individual cars were called Belsito, Belmonte, Belvedere and Belfiore. President Ciampi donated one of them to the "Museo dell'automobile" in Turin, and kept the other three in occasional use. There were rumors of a fifth 335 being donated to the Queen, but this seems unsubstantiated.cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/4car/feature/topten/presidential-limos/classic-presidential-limos-3.html|title=4Car Feature - Classic presidential limos|accessdate=2006-05-13] cite web|url=http://www.kwmotori.kataweb.it/kwmotori/kwm.jsp?idContent=769369&idCategory=902|title="Tutte le auto del presidente" from Kataweb Motori|accessdate=2006-05-13 It icon (via Google Translate)]

External links

* [http://www.lancisti.net/ Lancisti.net - An Information Exchange and Support Community for Lancia Owners and Enthusiasts]

References