Flag of Peru

Flag of Peru

The flag of Peru was adopted by the government of Peru in 1825. It is a vertical triband with red outer bands and a single white middle band. Depending on its use, it may be defaced with different emblems, and has different names.

June 7, the anniversary of the Battle of Arica, is celebrated as Flag Day.

Variants

National (civil) flag

The national or civil flag ( _es. bandera nacional) is used by citizens. It has no additions to the common form. It was changed several times; before 1950 it looked like the current national flag and was used as both the civil and state flag, when General Manuel A. Odría removed the coat of arms from the national flag and created the state and war flags.

National ensign (state flag)

The national ensign or state flag ("pabellón nacional"), used by state institutions, is marked with the coat of arms of Peru ("escudo de armas"). It is used during ceremonies in which the flag is hoisted in the presence of spectators (as opposed to a static, permanent flag). A form of this flag, the national standard ("estandarte nacional") is used indoors by official and private institutions.

War flag

The war flag ("Bandera de Guerra"), similar to the state flag, is marked with the national shield ("Escudo Nacional"). It is flown by the Peruvian military and national police, and is typically inscribed with the service, name and number of the unit flying it.

Naval jack

The naval jack ("bandera de proa") is not based on the triband; it is a square flag, consisting of a white square with the coat of arms ("Escudo de Armas") on a red field. It is used on battleships, usually with the ensign of the highest-rank officer on board above it.

History

Flags of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation era, 1836-9

From 1836 to 1839, Peru was temporarily dissolved into the Republics of South Peru and North Peru, which joined Bolivia to form the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.

The South was formed first, thus adopting a new flag: a red vertical band on the left, with a golden sun and four small stars above (representing Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco and Puno, the four Departments of the republic), and the right side divided into an upper green band and a lower white one. The North kept the currency and all symbols of the dissolved Peru, including its flag.

The flag of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation showed the coats of arms of Bolivia, South and North Peru, from left to right and slanted at different angles, on a red field, adorned by a laurel crown.

After the dissolution of the Confederation, the old Republic of Peru was restored to its 1836 composition, as well as its national symbols.

1950 flag

In 1950, General Odría modified the national flag to its current form, removing the coat of arms from the civil flag, since it was used "de facto", being easier to make. The national ensign and war flag were created for exclusive uses, each with a variant of the coat of arms, which was also changed slightly. These remain as the official flags today.

ee also

*Flags of Peru

External links

*FOTW|id=pe|title=Peru


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