Iran crisis of 1946

Iran crisis of 1946

The Iran crisis in 1946 stemmed from a Soviet refusal to relinquish Iranian territories occupied by the Red Army since 1942. The Shah of Iran, Reza Shah Pahlavi, was known to harbor pro-German sympathiesFact|date=September 2007, so, after the Nazi invasion of the USSR in 1941, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union occupied Iran as a preventative measure. The Shah was deposed and sent into exile in Mauritius. His son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, assumed the Peacock Throne as the new king. Throughout the rest of the war, the United Kingdom and the United States used Iran as an important supply line to the Soviet war effort against Germany.

The occupation of Iran was scheduled to end after the German surrender, but, when the war ended in 1945, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin refused to withdraw Soviet forces from Iranian territory. Moreover, he attempted to partition Iran and establish two "People's Democratic Republics" on Iranian territory, the Azerbaijan People's Republic headed by Sayyid Jafar Pishevari and the Kurdish Republic of Mahabad under president Pesheva Qazi Muhammad.

Under intense pressure from the United States, the Soviet Union was forced to withdraw the Red Army from Iran. The Iranian army re-occupied Mahabad and Azerbaijan. The leaders of the Azerbaijan enclave in Iran fled to the Azerbaijan SSR, and the leaders of the Kurdish Republic were tried and sentenced to death. They were hanged in Chwarchira Square in the center of Mahabad in 1947.

This conflict, one of the first episodes of the so-called Cold War, was a factor in the evolving and increasingly contentious political relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Literature

* André Fontaine, "La guerre froide 1917-1991", Editions de la Martinière, 2004, ISBN 2-84675-139-0 fr_icon
* George Lenczowski, "The Communist Movement in Iran", "Middle East Journal, no. 1" (January 1947) pp. 29-45
* Archie Roosevelt, Jr., "The Kurdish Republic of Mahabad", "Middle East Journal, no. 1" (July 1947), pp. 247-69
* William Linn Westermann: "Kurdish Independence and Russian Expansion", Foreign Affairs, Vol. 24, 1945-1946, pp. 675-686


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Iran crisis — may refer to*Iran crisis of 1946 *Iran hostage crisis …   Wikipedia

  • Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran — Part of Mediterranean, Middle East and African theatres of World War II British troops and Soviet armoured car in Iran …   Wikipedia

  • Suez Crisis — The Tripartite Aggression The Sinai War Part of the Cold War and the Arab–Israeli conflict …   Wikipedia

  • Cuban Missile Crisis — Part of the Cold War CIA reference photograph of Soviet R 12 intermedia …   Wikipedia

  • War in Vietnam (1945–1946) — War in Vietnam (1945 1946) Part of the Indochina Wars and the Cold War A Japanese off …   Wikipedia

  • Congo Crisis — For other events that might be called the Congo crisis , see Congo Civil War (disambiguation). Congo Crisis Part of the Cold War and the Congo conflicts …   Wikipedia

  • 1946 — This article is about the year 1946. Millennium: 2nd millennium Centuries: 19th century – 20th century – 21st century Decades: 1910s  1920s  1930s  – 1940s –  1950s   …   Wikipedia

  • International crisis — An international crisis is a crisis between nations. There are many definitions of an international crisis. Snyder ...a sequence of interactions between the governments of two or more sovereign states in severe conflict, short of actual war, but… …   Wikipedia

  • Historia de Irán — Extensión geográfica de la influencia iraní en el siglo I a. C. El Imperio Parto (en su mayor parte iranios occidentales) se muestra en rojo, otras zonas, dominadas por Escitia (mayormente iranios orientales), en naranja. La Historia de Irán y el …   Wikipedia Español

  • Invasión anglo-soviética de Irán — Se ha sugerido que este artículo o sección sea fusionado en Invasión Anglosoviética de Irán (discusión). Una vez que hayas realizado la fusión de artículos, pide la fusión de historiales aquí. Invasión a …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”