Abutilon

Abutilon
Abutilon
Abutilon indicum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Subfamily: Malvoideae
Tribe: Malveae
Genus: Abutilon
Mill.[1]
Species

See text
Synonyms

Abortopetalum O.Deg.[1]
Abutilon × hybridum cultivar 'Patrick Synge'

Abutilon (play /əˈbjuːtɨlɒn/)[2] is a large genus of approximately 150 species of broadleaf evergreens in the mallow family, Malvaceae. The genus includes annuals, perennials, shrubs, and small trees from 1–10 m tall, and is found in the tropical and subtropical regions of all continents. The leaves are alternate, unlobed or palmately lobed with 3-7 lobes. The flowers are conspicuous, with five petals, mostly red, pink, orange, yellow or white.

Common names include Abutilon, Chinese Bell Flower, Chinese Lantern, Mallow, Indian Mallow, and Flowering Maple (for the maple-like leaves of some species, although the genus is not related to the true maples). The generic name is derived from the Arabic word أبو طيلون = Abu Tilon.[3]

Abutilon species are used as food plants by the larvae of some lepidoptera species including Yellow-banded Skipper (which feeds exclusively on A. avicennae) and Chionodes mariona.

Contents

Species

  • A. abutiloides (Jacq.) Garcke – Bushy Abutilon[4]
  • A. albescens Miq.
  • A. auritum (Wall. ex Link) Sweet – Asian Indian Mallow
  • A. bedfordianum (Hook.) A.St.-Hil. – Bedford's Mallow
  • A. berlandieri Gray ex S.Watson – Berlandier's Indian Mallow
  • A. bidentatum A. Rich.
  • A. buchii Urb.
  • A. darwinii Hook.f. – Darwin's Mallow
  • A. eremitopetalum Caum – Hiddenpetal Indian Mallow (Lānaʻi in Hawaii)
  • A. fruticosum Guill. & Perr. – Texas Indian Mallow
  • A. giganteum (Jacq.) Sweet
  • A. grandiflorum G.Don
  • A. grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet – Hairy Indian Mallow
  • A. greveanum (Baill.) Hochr.
  • A. hirtum (Lam.) Sweet – Hairy Abutilon[4]
  • A. hulseanum Torr. ex A.Gray
  • A. hypoleucum A.Gray – Whiteleaf Indian Mallow
  • A. incanum (Link) Sweet – Hoary Abutilon, Pelotazo (Southwestern United States, northern Mexico, Hawaii)
  • A. indicum (L.) Sweet – Indian Mallow
  • A. insigne Planch.
  • A. julianae Endl.
  • A. lauraster Hochr.
  • A. leonardi Urb. – Woolly Abutilon
  • A. leucopetalum (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.
  • A. listeri Baker f.
  • A. longicuspe Hochst. ex A. Rich.
  • A. malacum S. Watson – Yellow Indian Mallow
  • A. mauritianum (Jacq.) Medik.
  • A. megapotamicum A.St.-Hil. & Naudin – Trailing Abutilon
  • A. menziesii Seem. – Koʻoloaʻula (Hawaii)
  • A. mollicomum (Willd.) Sweet – Sonoran Indian Mallow
  • A. mollissimum
  • A. muticum
  • A. niveum Griseb. – White-flowered Abutilon
  • A. palmeri A.Gray – Palmer's Indian Mallow
  • A. parishii A.Watson – Parish's Indian Mallow
  • A. parvulum A.Gray – Dwarf Indian Mallow
  • A. pauciflorum A.St.-Hil. – Woolly Abutilon[5]
  • A. permolle (Willd.) Sweet (Velvety Abutilon[4]
  • A. pictum (Gillies ex Hook.) Walp. – Redvein Abutilon, Red Vein Indian Mallow (syn. A. striatum)
  • A. pitcairnense Fosberg
  • A. purpurascens (Link) K.Schum.
  • A. reflexum (Juss. ex Cav.) Sweet
  • A. ramiflorum A.St.-Hil.
  • A. reventum S.Watson – Yellowflower Indian Mallow
  • A. sachetianum Fosberg
  • A. sandwicense (O.Deg.) Christoph. – Greenflower Indian Mallow (Oahʻu in Hawaii)
  • A. sellowianum (Klotzsch) Regel
  • A. theophrasti Medik. – Velvetleaf, Indian Mallow, Butterweed
  • A. thurberi A.Gray – Thurber's Indian Mallow
  • A. thyrsodendron Griseb.
  • A. trisulcatum (Jacq.) Britton & Millsp.[6]
  • A. venosum Lem.
  • A. virginianum Krapov. – Virgin Islands Abutilon
  • A. wrightii A.Gray

Hybrids

  • Abutilon × hybridum – Chinese Lantern (unknown parentage)
  • Abutilon × milleri (A. megapotamicum × A. pictum)
  • Abutilon × suntense (A. ochsenii × A. vitifolium)

Formerly placed here

  • Bakeridesia integerrima (Hook.) D.M.Bates (as A. chittendenii Standl.)
  • Briquetia spicata (Kunth) Fryxell (as A. spicatum Kunth)
  • Corynabutilon ochsenii (Phil.) Kearney (as A. ochsenii (Phil.) Reiche)
  • Corynabutilon vitifolium (Cav.) Kearney (as A. vitifolium (Cav.) C.Presl)[7]

Cultivation and uses

Abutilons are popular garden plants in subtropical areas. The hardiest species, A. vitifolium from Chile, is hardy in warm temperate areas with moderate frost down to about −10 °C (14 °F)

Abutilon × hybridum is a popular group of hybrids that are semi-tropical, frost-tender shrubs typically growing 2–3 m tall. The lantern-like buds open to solitary, pendulous, bell- to cup-shaped flowers to 8 cm diameter with five overlapping petals and significant staminal columns typical of the mallow family. Flowers come in red, pink, yellow, white and pastel shades. Lobed, maple-like, light green leaves are often variegated with white and yellow.

Gallery

  • Abutilon hirtum

  • A. incanum (Hoary Abutilon)

  • Flower of A. megapotamicum

  • A. menziesii (Kooloaula)

  • A. menziesii flowers

  • A. pictum

  • Houseplant with tag "Bella Red Flowering Maple"

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Genus: Abutilon Mill.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-03-12. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5114. Retrieved 2010-12-05. 
  2. ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
  3. ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. I: A-C. CRC Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=esMPU5DHEGgC&. 
  4. ^ a b c Britton & Millspaugh, p. 265
  5. ^ Britton & Millspaugh, p. 266
  6. ^ Britton & Millspaugh, p. 265–266
  7. ^ "GRIN Species Records of Abutilon". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?24. Retrieved 2010-12-05. 

References

External links


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  • abutilon — [ə byo͞ot′ l än΄] n. [ModL < Ar aubūṭīlūn] any of a number of related plants or shrubs (genus Abutilon) of the mallow family, with showy flowers of white, yellow, or red …   English World dictionary

  • Abutilon — A*bu ti*lon, n. [Ar. aub[=u]t[=i]l[=u]n.] (Bot.) A genus of malvaceous plants of many species, found in the torrid and temperate zones of both continents; called also {Indian mallow}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Abutĭlon — Gärtn. (Schmuckmalve), Gattung der Malvazeen, Kräuter oder Sträucher, seltener Bäume mit meist herzförmigen ganzen oder gelappten Blättern, meist einzeln achselständigen, oft gelben Blüten und zweiklappig aufspringender Frucht. Etwa 80 tropische… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Abutilon — Abutīlon T., trop. Pflanzengattg. der Malvazeen. A. indĭcum Don. aus Ostindien liefert Gespinstfasern, A. insigne Rauch. und striātum Dicks. aus Amerika sind Zierpflanzen [Abb.] …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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