- Henry de Ferrers
Henry de Ferrers (also known as Henri de Ferrières) was a Norman soldier from a noble family who took part in the conquest of England and is believed to have fought at the
Battle of Hastings of1066 and, in consequence, was rewarded with much land in the subdued nation.His elder brother William fell in the battle. William and Henri were both the sons of
Walkeline de Ferrers (d.c. 1040)Seigneur ofFerrières-Saint-Hilaire ,Eure in upperNormandy . [Marios Costambeys, ‛Ferrers, Henry de (d. 1093x1 100)’, Oxford DictionaryofNational Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/93 61, accessed 28 Oct 2007] ]The landholdings
Henry became a major land holder and was granted 210
manors throughout England andWales , but notably inDerbyshire [ [http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~alan/family/N-Ferrers.html A listing of Henry's manors in Derbyshire] ] andLeicestershire "Domesday Book: A Complete Translation". London: Penguin, 2003. p. 656-7 744-9 ISBN 0-14-143994-7] , by King William for his conspicuous bravery and support at Hastings.He first served William I as castellan of
Stafford , and in about 1066 or 1067 he was granted the lands inBerkshire andWiltshire of Goderic, former sheriff of Berkshire, and, by the end of 1068 he also held the lands of Bondi the Staller in present dayBuckinghamshire ,Berkshire ,Northamptonshire , andEssex . He is thought to have been appointed the firstAnglo-Norman High Sheriff of Berkshire .Following this in
1070 was theWapentake of Appletree, which covered a large part of south Derbyshire, granted to Henry on the promotion ofHugh d'Avranches to becomeEarl of Chester . At the centre of this wasTutbury Castle [Marios Costambeys, 'Ferrers, Henry de (d. 1093x1 100)’, Oxford Dictionary ofNational Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May 2007 [ 61, accessed 28 Oct 2007] ] where he rebuilt and founded the priory in1080 .His major landholdings, however, were those of the Anglo-Saxon Siward Barn, [Siward Barn fought beside
Hereward the Wake at Ely. He held many estates in Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire and further north. Some literature refers to him asEarl of Northumbria . However the Siward who was Earl of Northumbria had died in 1055. The earl at that time was Morcar. There were a number of Siwards at that time. Among the literature there is a reference to "Siward Barn the Red and Siward Barn the White, the sons of Osberne Bulax," who could have been the eldest son of the first Siward] following a revolt in1071 , including more land in Berkshire and Essex and alsoGloucestershire ,Warwickshire ,Nottinghamshire andDerbyshire .These included part of the wapentakes of Litchurch and Morleyston, which contained an area later to be known as
Duffield Frith . To command an important crossing over the Derwent he builtDuffield Castle . In the wapentake of Hamston was the west bank of theRiver Dove , where he builtPilsbury Castle . Both these were of typical Norman timbermotte and bailey construction. The latter history of Pilsbury is unknown, but Duffield was rebuilt as a stone fortress sometime in theTwelfth century . [Turbutt, G., (1999) "A History of Derbyshire. Volume 2: Medieval Derbyshire," Cardiff: Merton Priory Press]He was a key administrator in Derbyshire and Staffordshire, and among the most powerful Anglo‑Norman magnates. In 1086 he was a legatus ('commissioner’) on the West Midland circuit of the
Domesday survey .Henry's Family
Henry had by his wife, Bertha, three sons - Enguenulf, William and Robert. A daughter, Amicia, married Nigel d'Aubigny, probably the brother of Henry I's butler. Henry had built
Duffield Castle to protect and administer the Frith, and he placed it in the charge of Eugenulph. [Bland, W., 1887 Duffield Castle: A lecture at the Temperance Hall, Wirksworth Derbyshire Advertiser] Meanwhile William inherited the family's Norman estates. He joinedRobert Curthose and was captured at Tinchebrai.The date of Henry de Ferrers' death is uncertain, but it would seem to be between 1093 and 1100. He was buried in Tutbury Priory.
Enguenulf died shortly afterwards and the English estate passed to Robert, who King Stephen later made the first Earl of Derby.
His family tree is well researched and various people are said to be descended from this line. [ [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~jamesdow/s080/f009072.htm Tree of Henry de Ferrers Roottsweb.com] accessed June 2007] . These include, George the First, Lady Diana,
George Washington andWinston Churchill , and likely the actressMia Farrow , a daughter of the Australian film directorJohn Farrow , a descendant of the Farrows ofNorfolk , England.de Ferrers Specialist Technology College , asecondary school inBurton on Trent , is named after the de Ferrer family.Undertenants
As a leading Norman magnate, Henry de Ferrers was followed to England by a coterie of lesser lords, or
vassals , who were part of thefeudal structure of Normandy and who owed their allegiance to theiroverlord . Among the underlords who followed Henry de Ferrers were three families who were lords of villages within the original Ferrers barony in Normandy: theCurzon s (Notre Dame-de-Courson), the Baskervilles (Boscherville) and theLevett s (Livet-en-Ouche). [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=2J5rkqos7wAC&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq=the+origins+of+some+anglo-norman+families+livet&source=web&ots=dBA2tj2kAd&sig=1P_M6k-utK3VclfoL8oW9JcbGs8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=3&ct=result The Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families, David C. Douglas, Lewis C. Loyd, 1951] ]His grandson, Earl Robert de Ferrers the younger, produced a charter confirming land grants originally made by Henry de Ferrers to his vassals including: Alfinus de Breleford, Nigellus de Albiniaco, Robert fitz Sarle, William de Rolleston, Robert de Dun, Hugh le Arbalaster, Anscelin de Heginton, Robert de St. Quintin. [The Victoria History of the County of Derby, William Page, Ed., volume one, 1905, Archibald Constable and Co. Ltd.]
References
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