- International Master
The title International Master is awarded to outstanding
chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. The title is open to both men and women. Instituted in 1950, it is a lifetime title, usually abbreviated as IM in chess literature. FIDE also awards the lower title ofFIDE master (FM) and the higher title of Grandmaster (GM).Normally three favorable results ("norms") in international tournaments involving other IMs and Grandmasters are required before FIDE will confer the title on a player. IMs usually have an ELO rating between 2400 and 2500. Sometimes though, there may be a very strong IM who has not yet become a Grandmaster, over the rating of 2500.
The IM title can also be awarded for a few specific performances. For example, under current rules, the runner up at the World Junior Championship will be awarded the IM title if he or she does not already have it. Current regulations may be found in the FIDE handbook [ [http://www.fide.com/info/handbook?id=58&view=article FIDE Official Handbook: Title Requirements] ] .
After becoming an IM, most professional players set their next goal as becoming a GM, although not all will accomplish this. It is also possible to become a Grandmaster without ever having been an International Master.
Larry Christiansen of the United States (1977),Boris Gelfand of Israel (1988), and former World ChampionVladimir Kramnik of Russia all became Grandmasters without ever having been an IM. However, the more usual path is first to become an IM, then move on to the GM level.International Master titles are also awarded to
correspondence chess players by theInternational Correspondence Chess Federation ICCF, and composers and solvers ofchess problem s (see titles in chess composition).An International Master is usually in the top 0.25% of all tournament players at the time he or she receives the title. [ [http://www.uschess.org/ratings/ratedist.html uschess.org] ] The July 2005 FIDE rating list records over 2500 players holding the IM title.
FIDE also awards the
Woman International Master title, which has lower requirements than the international master title and is restricted to women. There is no restriction on women earning the title of IM.References
External links
* [http://www.fide.com World Chess Federation FIDE official site]
* [http://www.iccf.com International Correspondence Chess Federation ICCF official site]
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