Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)

Order of the White Eagle
Order of the White Eagle
Awarded by  Kingdom of Serbia  Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Type	State Order (1883-1945) House Order (after 1945)
Eligibility	Serbian/Yugoslav citizens and foreign nationals.
Awarded for	Peace or wartime merit or significant services rendered to the Crown, State and Nation.
Statistics
Established	23 January 1883
First awarded	1883
Precedence
Next (higher)	Order of Milosh the Great (before 1903) Order of the Karađorđe's Star (after 1903)
Next (lower)	Order of the Cross of Takovo (before 1903) Order of The Yugoslav Crown (Kingdom of Yugoslavia)
Grand Cross Great officer Commander Officer Cavalier

Order of the White Eagle was a Royal Order in the Kingdom of Serbia (1883 - 1918) and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918 - 1945). King Milan I of Serbia instituted the Order of the White Eagle on 23 January 1883, concurrently with the Order of St. Sava. The Order had five classes and was conferred on Serbian and Yugoslav citizens for achievements in peace or war, or for special merits to the Crown, the state and nation. In the period between 1883 and 1898 Order of the White Eagle was the highest award in the Kingdom of Serbia. In 1898 the Royal Order of Miloš the Great took precedence over the White Eagle and in 1904 the former was replaced by the Order of the Karađorđe's Star.^[1]

After his accession to the throne in 1903, King Peter I of Serbia continued awarding the Order of the White Eagle, but the reverse of the medallion had the year of the proclamation of the Kingdom (1883) instead of the cipher of Milan I.

The white eagle with wings displayed was re-established as the State Arms of Serbia, symbol descended from the Emperors of Byzantium. The order had a War Merit Division, with crossed swords between the Royal Crown and eagle's heads, that was introduced in 1915, and conferred for conspicuous bravery of the officers in the field.

The Order is conferred by the Crown. Recent awards include last Grand Master of the Sovereign Order of St. John (Fr. Angelo de Moiana da Cologna), as well as posthumous conferment upon three Crown Council Members.

The order was disestablished in 1945, with the end of the monarchy but the status of a decoration continued in SFRY^[2] for the War Merit Division of this decoration.

Description

The Order of the White Eagle had five degrees, and could be awarded with swords for the military services, with or without swords for civil merit. The Order was organized into five classes:

• 1st Class – Grand Cross of the Order of the White Eagle
• 2nd Class – Grand Officer's Cross of the Order of the White Eagle
• 3rd Class – Commander's Cross of the Order of the White Eagle
• 4th Class – Officer's Cross of the Order of the White Eagle
• 5th Class – Knight's Cross of the Order of the White Eagle

Order of the White Eagle
Grand Cross/First Class	Great Officer/Second Class	Commander/Third Class	Officer/Fourth Class	Knight/Fifth Class
Order of the White Eagle with Swords
Grand Cross/First Class	Great Officer/Second Class	Commander/Third Class	Officer/Fourth Class	Knight/Fifth Class

References

1. ^ "The Order of the White Eagle". Official Website of the Serbian Royal Family. 1997. http://www.royalfamily.org/history/orders1.htm. Retrieved 2011-06-20. 
2. ^ Zakon o osnovnim pravima lica odlikovanih Ordenom Karađorđeve zvezde s mačevima, Ordenom Belog orla s mačevima i Zlatnom medaljom Obilića ("Službeni list SFRJ", br. 67/72, 22/73, 33/76, 39/77 (Prečišćeni tekst), 53/82, 75/85, 87/89).