- 1285
Events
*
January 6 - Archbishop Jakub Świnka orders all priests subject to his bishopry inPoland to deliver sermons in Polish rather than German, thus further unifying the Catholic Church in Poland and fostering a national identity.
*April 2 -Pope Honorius IV succeedsPope Martin IV as the 190thpope .
*April 25 -Mamluk sultanQalawun begins a siege of theCrusade r fortress ofMargat (in present-daySyria ), a major stronghold of theKnights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.
*September 4 -Roger of Lauria defeats KingPhilip III of France in a naval battle off ofBarcelona .
* Thewrit "Circumspecte Agatis ", issued by KingEdward I of England , defines the jurisdictions of church and state inEngland , thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.
* The Second Statute of Westminster is passed inEngland , reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause "de donis conditionalibus ", considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.
* The English romantic poem "The Lay of Havelok the Dane" is written (approximate date).
*Tran Hung Dao leadsVietnam ese forces in victory over an invadingYuan dynasty Mongol army.
* Mansa Sakura usurps the throne of theMali Empire Births
*
March 9 -Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (d.1308 )
*May 1 -Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel , English politician (d.1326 )
*December 6 - KingFerdinand IV of Castile (d.1312 )
*Al-Nasr Muhammad , sultan of Egypt (d.1341 )
*Ziauddin Barani , historian and political thinker of theDelhi Sultanate (d.1357 )
*Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (d.1369 )Deaths
*
March 24 - Daumantas, Grand Prince of Lithuania
*March 28 -Pope Martin IV
*May 13 -Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros
*May 20 -John II of Jerusalem , King of Cyprus (b.1259 )
*October 5 - KingPhilip III of France (b.1245 )
*November 11 - KingPeter III of Aragon (b.1239 )
*Tile Kolup , German imposter
*Philip I of Savoy (b.1207 )
*Rutebeuf , French troubadour
* KingCharles I of Sicily (b.1227 )
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