Gettysburg College

Infobox University
name = Gettysburg College


image_size =183px
type = Private liberal arts college
established = 1832
president = Janet Morgan Riggs
city = Gettysburg
state = Pennsylvania
country = United States of America
endowment = $274 million cite web | url=http://www.nacubo.org/x2376.xml | title=NACUBO Endowment Survey - Public NEWS Tables (2006) | publisher=NACUBO | accessdate=2007-09-24]
students = 2,600
faculty = 180
colors = Orange and Blue
nickname = Bullets
website = [http://www.gettysburg.edu/ gettysburg.edu]

Gettysburg College is a private national four-year liberal arts college founded in 1832, in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, adjacent to the famous battlefield. Its athletic teams are nicknamed the Bullets. Gettysburg College has about 2,600 students, with roughly equal numbers of men and women. Gettysburg students come from 40 states and 35 countries.

The college is the home of The Gettysburg Review, a literary magazine.

History

Founding and early roots

Gettysburg College was founded in 1832 as a sister institution for the Lutheran Theological Seminary. Both owe their inception to Thaddeus Stevens, a Radical Republican and abolitionist from Gettysburg. The college's original name was Pennsylvania College, and was founded by Samuel Simon Schmucker. Gettysburg College remains affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church of America.

Battle of Gettysburg

In June 1863, southern Pennsylvania was invaded by Confederate forces during the Gettysburg Campaign. Many local militia forces sprung up around the area between Chambersburg and Philadelphia to face the oncoming foe.

Among these units was Gettysburg's 26th Pennsylvania Emergency Militia Regiment (PEMR). Comprising mostly students from the College and Seminary, the 26th PEMR was mustered into service on June 22, 1863. Four days later, the students would fight just to the north of town, skirmishing with troops of Confederate division commander Jubal A. Early. Neither side sustained heavy casualties, although around one hundred of the militiamen were taken captive.

During the Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Hall, or Old Dorm, was used as both a signal corps station and field hospital. Penn Hall is an interesting anomaly in the battle. Due to the geographic position it held, it was used by both Confederate and Union troops during the battle for signal work and surgery.

Relationship with the Eisenhowers

Early in his military career, Dwight D. Eisenhower and his wife, Mamie, lived in a house in Gettysburg that was near the college. Both were fond of the town, so they decided, after World War II, to retire to a working farm adjacent to the battlefield. It was here that President Eisenhower recuperated from his 1955 heart attack.

While living in Gettysburg, Eisenhower became involved with Gettysburg College. He served on the Gettysburg College Board of Trustees, and he was given an office by the college, which he used when writing his memoirs. Today, Eisenhower’s old office is named Eisenhower House” and houses Gettysburg College’s office of admissions. [http://www.higheredjobs.com/InstitutionProfile.cfm?ProfileID=15666] Meanwhile, Eisenhower’s grandson, David, continues a certain level of family involvement with the institution.

Campus

The college is located on a 200 acre (800,000 m²) campus adjacent to the Gettysburg National Military Park. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, is 36 miles (60 km) from Harrisburg, 55 miles (80 km) from Baltimore, 80 miles (130 km) from Washington, D.C., 117 miles (190 km) from Philadelphia, and 212 miles (340 km) from New York City, and 425 miles (680 km) from Boston.

Approximately 96% of students live on campus in more than 40 residence halls, which include Theme Housing and the First-Year Residential College Program.

Academic Facilities

; Library:: Musselman Library houses the college collection of books, journals, videos, sound recordings, online publications, rare books, manuscripts, and [http://www.gettysburg.edu/library/gettdigital/index.dot digital collections] . An online catalog, [http://library.gettysburg.edu MUSCAT] , provides a gateway to all library materials and is accessible through any computer terminal connected to the college network. In addition, the building contains a media theatre, computer lab, and media production center. Musselman Library is open around the clock when classes are in session. The library operates 24 hours a day on weekdays and selected hours during the weekends. In order to help facilitate late night studying, the library provides free coffee and hot chocolate at midnight. While this service used to be available only to students who brought their own mugs, the library began offering environment-friendly cups and lids during the Spring 2008 semester.

; Technology:: Full network capabilities in all campus buildings and each residence hall room. Students have access to more than 1,300 computers and a complex system of workstations and laboratories. Wireless connectivity is available across 97% of the campus (the other 3% being the practice fields) and in all of the residence halls.

Organization

As an independent institution, the college operates under a charter granted in 1832 by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The College is governed by a 39-member board of trustees comprising leaders from a range of professions and walks of life. Thirty of the College’s trustees are graduates of Gettysburg.

On the student level, adjudication of academic disputes takes place through an Honor Commission, which holds hearings in which students are given a chance to have their say on charges brought against them.

The Academic Honor Code has been in effect since 1957, and recently has been updated to fit better with today's technology.

Academic Programs

; Majors:: Anthropology, Art History, Art Studio, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biology, Chemistry, Classical Studies, [http://cs.gettysburg.edu/ Computer Science] , Economics, English, Environmental Studies, French, German, Globalization Studies, Greek, Health and Exercise Sciences, History, International Relations and Affairs, Japanese Studies, Latin, Management, Mathematics, Music, Music Education, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Religion, Sociology, Spanish, Spanish & Latin American Studies, Theatre, Women’s Studies

; Special Interest Programs (Minors):: African American Studies, American Studies, Asian Studies, Civil War Era Studies, Comparative Literature, East Asian Studies, Education (elementary and secondary, with certification), Global/Area Studies, International Affairs Concentration, Law, Ethics, and Society, Neuroscience, Writing, Film Studies, Peace and Justice Studies

Greek Organizations

"Fraternities": Alpha Chi Rho (AXP, "Crow"), Alpha Tau Omega (ATO), Lambda Chi Alpha (Lambda Chi), Phi Beta Sigma, Phi Delta Theta (Phi Delt), Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI), Phi Kappa Psi (Phi Psi), Phi Sigma Kappa (Phi Sig), Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE), Sigma Nu (Sig Nu), Tau Kappa Epsilon (TKE)}

"Sororities": Alpha Delta Pi (ADPi), Chi Omega (Chi O), Delta Gamma (DG), Gamma Phi Beta (Gamma Phi), Sigma Sigma Sigma (Tri Sigma), Sigma Gamma Rho (SGRho)

"Clubs with Greek Letters: Alpha Phi Omega Sigma Chi

"Music Sorority": Sigma Alpha Iota (SAI)

"Past Greek Organizations on Campus": Alpha Xi Delta, Chi Phi, Kappa Delta Rho, Rho Beta (local), Sigma Kappa, Theta Chi, Phi Kappa Rho (local), Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia

tudents and Faculty

Nearly 2,600 students (approximately one-half men and one-half women), representing 40 states and 35 foreign countries attend the college.

The college employs 180 full-time faculty, with 95% of the permanent faculty holding a doctorate or highest earned degree in their fields. The faculty includes noted Lincoln scholar Gabor S. Boritt, and the first double-Lincoln Prize lauereate, Allen Carl Guelzo, who directs the Civil War Era Studies program. The student/faculty ratio is 11:1, with an average class size of 18 students. The college hosts one of only 19 chapters of Phi Beta Kappa in Pennsylvania.

Athletics

Twenty-four sports programs, for both men and women, participate in NCAA Division III. Gettysburg has earned the distinction of having the best win/loss record in the Centennial Conference for the past 12 years.

The college also offers an extensive array of club, intramural, and recreational programs. Twenty-five percent of Gettysburg's students participate in intercollegiate programs, which include twelve sports for men and twelve sports for women.

"Loyalty Song"

: Fair Gettysburg our Alma Mater, hear us praise thy name,: We'll ever lend our hearts and hands to help increase thy fame.: The honor of old Gettysburg calls forth our loyalty.: So cheer (Rah! Rah!) old G'burg's Bullets on to victory!

However, another rendition exists with a few differences:

: "Hail" Gettysburg our Alma Mater, "help" us praise thy name.: We'll ever lend our hearts and hands to help increase thy fame.: The honor of old Gettysburg calls forth our loyalty,: So cheer (Rah! Rah!) our G'burg Bullets on "to" fight for victory!

Notable alumni

* James Glenn Beall, former Maryland U.S. Senator.
* Carol Bellamy, former New York City Council President and former executive director, UNICEF
* J. Michael Bishop, 1989 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for cancer research
* Rev. David Bittle, first president of Roanoke College, the nation's second oldest Lutheran college after Gettysburg
* Nathaniel N. Craley, Jr., former U.S. Congressman from Pennsylvania (1965-1967)
* Fred F. Fielding, current (2007-present) and former (1981-1986) Counsel to the President, former deputy to the White House counsel (1970-1972), member of 9/11 Commission
* Bruce S. Gordon, former head of the NAACP (2005-2007)
* Chris Hart, writer, actor, teacher, and co-founder of Travel-Journal.org
* David Hartman, first blind person to graduate from medical school in the United States [http://www3.gettysburg.edu/administration/public_relations/news/2004/commencement_speaker04.html]
* Herman Haupt, American Civil War general who ran the Union military railroad system
* Carson Kressley, fashion consultant, "Queer Eye for the Straight Guy"
* George M. Leader, former Governor of Pennsylvania (1955-1959)
* William N. McNair, former mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (1934–1936)
* Ron Paul, U.S. Congressman from Texas, 1988 Libertarian Party Presidential nominee, and 2008 Candidate for the Republican Party Presidential nomination
* Jeffrey Piccola, Pennsylvania State Senator, former State Senate Majority Whip (2001-2007)
* Keller E. Rockey, Lieutenant General, United States Marine Corps, commander of the Fifth Marine Division during the Battle of Iwo Jima
*Karen Sosnoski, author, radio contributor and filmmaker
* Jerry Spinelli, author, winner of the Newbery Medal for Maniac Magee
* F. William Sunderman, Physician, Editor, Musician, and Inventor. Medical Director for the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos, N.M. [http://arpa.allenpress.com/arpaonline/?request=get-document&doi=10.1043%2F1543-2165(2004)128%3C848:FWSSMP%3E2.0.CO%3B2]
* Charles Willoughby, Chief of Intelligence on General Douglas MacArthur's staff during World War II, member of Military Intelligence Hall of Fame
* George Winter, former Major League Baseball player
* John Bosley Ziegler who discovered Dianabol and pioneered the use of steroids in sport.

Civil War History activities

Due to its close relationship to a crucial battle in the American Civil War, Gettysburg College hosts a number of activities and awards:

* In 1982, professor and historian Gabor Boritt founded the Civil War Institute, which hosts annual seminars and tours on Civil War themes. Scholarships are granted to high school students and history teachers to attend the week-long summer event.

* Since 1998, the "Gettysburg Semester", a semester-long immersion in Civil War academic study has been offered.

* Gettysburg College students may elect to pursue a unique interdisciplinary minor in Civil War Era Studies. Requirements include a general introduction course about the Civil War and a capstone senior-level seminar. Students must also select four classes of at least two disciplines. Some of the classes offered include (but are not limited to): military history, Economics of the American South, Civil War Literature, films about the Civil War, and Gender Ideology in the Civil War.

* The Lincoln Prize has been awarded annually since 1991 for the best non-fiction historical work of the year on the Civil War.

* Starting in 2005, the Michael Shaara Prize has been awarded for excellence in Civil War fiction. (Shaara was the author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel about the Battle of Gettysburg, The Killer Angels.)

Trivia

* Seven years after Gettysburg College was first founded, it established a medical school, which was located in Philadelphia. The college was forced to close the medical school in 1861, when southern students withdrew, leaving it without adequate revenue.

* The college dining center is still referred to by students and faculty as Servo, after a now defunct 1980s food service company, Servomation.

* Stine Lake, a location on the Gettysburg College campus, is not a lake, but rather a quad located outside the library. Prior to Musselman Library being built in the late 1970s, and due to Gettysburg's wet climate and drainage issues, the quad and library site would be prone to accumulating water, creating a large, muddy "lake" of sorts. Today, however, Stine Lake does not flood, but the name has stuck, to the confusion of first-year students.

* A Civil War era-style flag (for the year 1863) flies above Pennsylvania Hall (Old Dorm) at Gettysburg College. This building, occupied by both sides at various points of the Battle of Gettysburg, served as a lookout and battlefield hospital.

References

External links

* [http://www.gettysburg.edu/ Official website]