Submarine simulator

A submarine simulator, or subsim for short, is usually a computer game in which the player commands a submarine. The usual form of the game is to go on a series of missions, each of which features a number of encounters where the goal is to sink surface ships and to survive counterattacks by destroyers. Submarine simulators are notable for the highly-variable pace of the game; it may take hours of simulated time to get into position to attack a well-defended convoy, and sub simulators typically include an option for players to adjust the ratio of real time to simulated time up and down as desired.

Most subsims use World War II as the setting; its submarine warfare was lengthy and intense, the historical material is extensive, and the limited capabilities of the period's submarines place a high premium on game playing skill. Games usually feature either US submarines in the Pacific, or U-Boats in the Atlantic. Another popular category is modern attack submarines, especially those of the "Los Angeles" class also known as "688s" after the ship number of the first of the class.

Game displays generally include an overhead map or "radar" view, showing the submarine and any ships whose position can be detected, the periscope view if the sub is close enough to the surface, a set of gauges showing depth and course, and a boat plan showing torpedo availability, damage to various subsystems, and so forth.

Subsims were especially popular in the earlier days of computer gaming. The graphics demands were well-matched to the hardware of the times, as was the computing load; ships move relatively slowly, and an encounter typically entails fewer than a dozen objects moving simultaneously. More recent games enhance the graphics, although much of it is "chrome", for instance using photorealistic interiors instead of a panel of gauges.

The first submarine simulator available to the civilian public was Thorn EMI's Submarine Commander of 1982.

Titles

*"688 Attack Sub" (1988)
*"688(I) Hunter/Killer" (1997)
*"Aces of the Deep" (1994)
*"AquaNox" series. (1996-2003) Heavily stylized, futuristic series sharing more in common with space combat simulators.
*"Dangerous Waters" (2005)
*"Danger from the Deep" (open source)
*"Fast Attack"
*"GATO" (1983)
*"Grey Wolf"
*"The Hunt for Red October"
*"Iron Wolves"
*"Red Storm Rising" (1988)
*"Silent Service" series (1985, 1990)
*"Silent Hunter" (1996)
*"Silent Hunter II" (2001)
*"Silent Hunter III" (2005)
*"Silent Hunter IV" (2007)
*"Silent Steel"
*"SSN-21 Seawolf" (1994)
*"Sub Battle Simulator"
*"Sub Command" (2001)
*"Tom Clancy SSN" (1996)
*"U-BOAT"
*"Up Periscope!"
*"Wolfpack"

Adventure game (1989) by Sierra On-line, contained a Submarine simulator portion. [http://dangerdeep.sourceforge.net/ Danger from the Deep] is an open source subsim currently in development

AUV Simulators

There are also a number of simulators available for underwater robots such as AUV's. These simulators are commonly used by research institutes for testing robot control and coordination algorithms before or during the development of a submarine.

External links

* [http://www.subsim.com Subsim.com, a comprehensive information and review site]
* [http://www.subsim.com/ssr/simhist.html THE HISTORY OF SUBSIMS at subsim.com]
* [http://dangerdeep.sourceforge.net/"Danger from the Deep" is a freeware open source WWII German submarine simulator, currently in a playable ALPHA state of development.]
* [http://www.adrianboeing.com/products.html#subsim AUV simulator]