List of European Union member states by political system

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Consequently, all European Union member states are directly elected democracies that are considered to be "free" according to the criteria of Freedom House (with all of them being rated 1/1 except for Latvia with 2/1, Bulgaria and Greece with 1/2 and Romania with 2/2). As of 2008, all European Union member states are representative democracies; however, they do not all have the same political system, with most of the differences arising from different historical backgrounds.

Many of the European Union's neighbour states are not considered to be "free" by the same criteria. Most European states neighbouring the European Union are considered to be "free" or "partly free" — and improving — by Freedom House, with the notable exceptions of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus and Russia. On the other hand, almost all of the states in North Africa and Southwest Asia that neighbour the European Union are not considered to be "free", with the notable exception of Israel.

Monarchism and republicanism

/ / Flemish Parliament / ] [ / Parliament of the French Community / / " / "] (30) also has legislative competences.:V: While there is a [Bundesversammlung (Germany)|Federal Assembly ("] (17) also has legislative competences.