C. Kumar N. Patel

Infobox_Scientist
name = C. Kumar N. Patel

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caption =
birth_date = birth date and age|1938|7|2
birth_place =
death_date =
death_place =
residence = United States
nationality = American
field = Electrical engineering
work_institution =
alma_mater =
doctoral_advisor =
awards = IEEE Medal of Honor

C. Kumar N. Patel (1938-07-02 - ) developed the carbon dioxide laser in 1963 [cite journal
last = Patel
first = C. K. N.
year = 1964
title = Continuous-Wave Laser Action on Vibrational-Rotational Transitions of CO₂
journal = Physical Review
volume = 136
issue = 5A
pages = A1187–A1193
doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.136.A1187] ; it is now widely used in industry for cutting and welding, as a laser scalpel in surgery, and in laser skin resurfacing. Because the atmosphere is quite transparent to infrared light, CO₂ lasers are also used for military rangefinding using LIDAR techniques.

Patel was born in Baramati, India, and received a Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) degree from the College of Engineering in Poona, India and the M.S. and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 1959 and 1961, respectively. Patel joined Bell Laboratories in 1961, and subsequently became Executive Director of the Research, Materials Science, Engineering and Academic Affairs Division at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, where he developed the carbon dioxide laser. Patel's discovery, in 1963, of the laser action on the vibrational-rotational transitions of carbon dioxide and his discovery, in 1964, of efficient vibrational energy transfer between molecules, led to a series of experiments which demonstrated that the carbon dioxide laser was capable of very high continuous-wave and pulsed power output at very high conversion efficiencies.

Patel was later appointed as Vice Chancellor for Research at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he is also Professor of Physics.cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.cfm?recip_id=270 |title=The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details |accessdate=2006-08-07 |publisher=The National Science Foundation]

In 1996, President Bill Clinton awarded Patel the National Medal of Science, " [f] or his fundamental contributions to quantum electronics and invention of the carbon dioxide laser, which have had significant impact on industrial, scientific, medical, and defense applications."cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.cfm?recip_id=270 |title=The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details |accessdate=2006-08-07 |publisher=The National Science Foundation] In addition to the carbon dioxide laser, he also developed the "spin-flip" infrared Raman laser. [cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/patel.html |title= MIT Inventor of the Week: Kumar Patel |work=The Lemelson-MIT Program|accessdate=2006-08-07]

Patel currently holds 36 U.S. patents relating to lasers and laser applications. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Science, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, the American Physical Society, the IEEE, the Optical Society of America, the Laser Institute of America, and the American Society of Laser Medicine.

References

* [http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/history_center/biography/patel.html IEEE History Center biography]