- Hamgyong
Infobox Korean settlement
title = Hamgyŏng Province
context = old
hangul = 함경도
hanja = 咸鏡道
rr = Hamgyeong-do
mr = Hamgyŏng-do
hangulshort = 함경
rrshort = Hamgyeong
mrshort = Hamgyŏng
gov = Province
capital = Hamhŭng
region =Kwanbuk (north),Kwannam (south)
dialect = HamgyŏngHamgyŏng ("Hamgyŏng-do") was one of the Eight Provinces of
Korea during theJoseon Dynasty . Hamgyŏng was located in the northeast of Korea. The provincial capital was Hamhŭng.History
In
1413 , the northeast frontier region of Korea was organized into Yŏnggil Province ("Yŏnggil-do;" 영길도; 永吉道). In1416 , the province was renamed Hamgil ("Hamgil-do;" 함길도; 咸吉道), and in1470 , Yŏngan ("Yŏngan-do;" 영안도; 永安道). Finally, in1509 , the province took the name Hamgyŏng. The name "Hamgyŏng" is derived from the names of the principal cities of Hamhŭng (함흥; 咸興) and Kyŏngsŏng (경성; 鏡城).In
1895 , the province was replaced by the Districts of Kyŏngsŏng ("Kyŏngsŏng-bu;" 경성부; 鏡城府) in the northeast, Kapsan ("Kapsan-bu;" 갑산부; 甲山府) in the northwest, and Hamhŭng ("Hamhŭng-bu;" 함흥부; 咸興府) in the south.In
1896 , Kyŏngsŏng District was reorganized into North Hamgyŏng Province, and Kapsan and Hamhŭng Districts were reorganized into South Hamgyŏng Province. North and South Hamgyŏng Provinces are today part ofNorth Korea .Geography
Hamgyŏng was bounded on the west by P'yŏngan, on the south by
Hwanghae and Kangwŏn, on the east by theSea of Japan (East Sea of Korea), and on the north byChina andRussia .The province was referred to by the regional name of
Kwanbuk .Kwannam was sometimes used to refer to the southern half of the province, in which case "Kwanbuk" was used to refer to the northern half.External links
* [http://seoul600.visitseoul.net/seoul-history/sidaesa/txt/5-3-2-1.html Seoul City history article on Hanseong and 22 other late 19th-century districts (in Korean)]
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