Fred Clarke

This article is about the baseball player. For other uses, see Fred Clarke (disambiguation).

Fred Clarke
Outfielder / Manager
Born: October 3, 1872 Winterset, Iowa
Died: August 14, 1960(1960-08-14) (aged 87) Winfield, Kansas
Batted: Left	Threw: Right
MLB debut
June 30, 1894 for the Louisville Colonels
Last MLB appearance
September 23, 1915 for the Pittsburgh Pirates
Career statistics
Batting average	.312
Hits	2672
Runs batted in	1015
Teams
As Player Louisville Colonels (1894–1899) Pittsburgh Pirates (1900–1911, 1913–1915) As Manager Louisville Colonels (1897–1899) Pittsburgh Pirates (1900–1915)
Career highlights and awards
One World Series championship: 1909 Four National League pennants: 1901, 1902, 1903, 1909 Managerial record: 1602-1181 7th-most triples in Major League history (220) 11 seasons with a .300+ batting average 5 seasons with 100+ runs scored
Member of the National
Baseball Hall of Fame
Induction	1945
Election Method	Veteran's Committee

Fred Clifford Clarke (October 3, 1872 – August 14, 1960) was a Major League Baseball player from 1894 to 1915 and manager from 1897 to 1915. A Hall of Famer, Clarke played for and managed both the Louisville Colonels and Pittsburgh Pirates. He was a left fielder and left-handed batter.

Of the nine pennants in Pittsburgh franchise history, Clarke was the player-manager for four of them. He and fellow Hall of Famers, Honus Wagner and Vic Willis, led Pittsburgh to a victory over Ty Cobb and the Detroit Tigers in the 1909 World Series. Clarke batted over .300 in 11 different seasons. His 35-game hitting streak in 1895 was the second-longest in major league history at the time and is still tied for 11th-longest. For six years, Clarke held the major league record for wins by a manager.

Early life and career

Fred Clarke was born on a farm near Winterset, Iowa. At age two, his family moved as part of a covered wagon caravan from Iowa to Kansas before relocating to Des Moines, Iowa, five years later. As a child in Des Moines, Clarke sold newspapers for the Iowa State Register where his boss was future Baseball Hall of Fame member, Ed Barrow.^[1] In 1892, a professional team in Hastings, Nebraska sent a railroad ticket to Des Moines semiprofessional player, Byron McKibbon, but McKibbon backed out and gave the ticket to Clarke instead. Clarke impressed the Hastings team and he signed his first professional contract.^[2] He was in the Southern League at age 21 and played for teams in Montgomery, Alabama, and Savannah, Georgia.^[1]

Clarke was discovered in the minor leagues by Louisville part-owner, Barney Dreyfuss, and joined the Colonels in 1894.^[3] In his first game, he collected five hits in five at bats which is still a major league record.^[3][4] In his second season, he asserted himself with a batting average of .347, 191 hits and 96 runs which were all best on the team by far. In 1897, Clarke took over managerial duties while only 24 years old. As a player, he hit a career high .390. Only the best average of Willie Keeler's career stopped Clarke from winning his only batting title. (For many years, Clarke's 1897 average was listed as .406 but further research led most official sources, including MLB.com, to list it at .390.^[5]) Despite Clarke's excellent hitting and the presence of fellow Hall of Famers, Honus Wagner and Rube Waddell, the team struggled for several years. While in Louisville, Clarke was teamed up with pitcher Chick Fraser. Clarke and Fraser became brothers-in-law when they married sisters.^[6] When the Colonels folded, Barney Dreyfuss became the owner of the Pittsburgh franchise and tapped Clarke, Wagner, Waddell, Deacon Phillippe and others to accompany him.

Pittsburgh

In 1900, Clarke joined the Pittsburgh Pirates as a player and manager, roles he would embrace until his retirement in 1915. 1903 was arguably the best hitting season of Clarke's career as he led the major leagues in slugging average and OPS and led the National League in doubles. He finished second only to his teammate, Honus Wagner, for the National League batting title. In the first World Series, Clarke hit .265 but Boston's Cy Young and Bill Dinneen outpitched Pittsburgh overall and won the series in eight games.

In the 1909 World Series, Clarke batted only .211 but hit both of Pittsburgh's home runs and had more home runs and RBI than any player on either team. Clarke also set a record for most walks for one player in a World Series game with four in Game 7.

On August 23, 1910, Clarke recorded four assists from the outfield in one game, tying a major league record. The following season, his last as a regular player, 38-year-old Clarke made 10 putouts in left field in one game on April 25, 1911.^[1][3] Clarke played just 12 more games after 1911, the last three as the oldest active player in the majors.

Clarke finished his career with a .312 batting average and is seventh on the all-time triples list with 220.^[7] He led his team to four National League pennants (1901, 1902, 1903 and 1909) and one World Series championship (1909). The 1902 Pirates lost only 36 games under Clarke's guidance, a modern-era record. In 1912, Clarke passed Cap Anson and Frank Selee, giving him the major league record for wins by a manager. Clarke's record, in turn, was broken by John McGraw in 1918. In addition to the four pennants and one World Series, Clarke managed Pittsburgh to five second-place seasons and three third-place seasons.

After his playing days

After his managing days ended in 1915, Clarke eventually returned to the Pirates, first as a coach, later as a vice president and assistant manager.^[1] When coaching he had led the Pirates to two, and their only two, seasons of winning 100+ games. As an assistant to Barney Dreyfuss in 1926, he was allowed to sit on the Pirates' bench but, on August 13, players requested that he be removed. Instead, Pirates ownership responded by releasing veteran players, Carson Bigbee and Babe Adams, and waived slumping veteran (and eventual Hall of Famer), Max Carey.^[3]

Fred Clarke was selected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945 as one of the first to be elected by the Old-Timers Committee. He was one of 24 original inductees into the Iowa Sports Hall of Fame in 1951.^[8] After his baseball days, Clarke retired to his "Little Pirate Ranch" near Winfield, Kansas, which he had purchased with a down payment during his first year in the majors.^[1] He remained active and seemingly indestructible into his 70s. In 1947, while ice fishing in northern Minnesota, he and his wife were thrown into icy northern Minnesota waters by a storm, but he was back out fishing the next day. Soon after, he was nearly shot accidentally while quail hunting. He then survived a gas furnace explosion in his basement.^[2] While in Winfield he started the Winfield Country Club that is still in operation to this day. Fred Clarke died in Winfield at age 87.

Hall of Fame voting

Year	Votes		Percent
1936	BBWAA	1	0.4%
	Veterans	9
1937	22		10.9%
1938	63		24.0%
1939	59		21.5%
1942	58		24.9%
1945	BBWAA	53	21.5%
	Old-Timers	Unanimous

See also

• List of Major League Baseball doubles champions
• List of Major League Baseball triples champions
• List of major league players with 2,000 hits
• List of Major League Baseball players with 100 triples
• List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 runs
• List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 RBI
• List of Major League Baseball leaders in career stolen bases
• List of Major League Baseball players with 500 stolen bases
• Hitting for the cycle

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} McGrane, Bert (1951-04-15). "Pop Anson, Marshalltown, 1951 - Fred Clarke, Winterset, 1951 - Red Faber, Cascade, 1951 - Bob Feller, Van Meter, 1951". Des Moines Register. http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19510415/SPORTS11/50714012. Retrieved 2006-12-15. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Baseball Digest, 1948, by Bill Bryson of The Des Moines Register.
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Eckhouse, Morris A.. "Fred Clarke". BaseballLibrary.com. http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Fred_Clarke_1872. Retrieved 2006-11-12. 
4. ^ Fred Clarke at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
5. ^ Schwarz, Alan (2004-07-21). The Numbers Game. Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 0-312-32222-4. 
6. ^ Kavanagh, Jack. "Chick Fraser". BaseballLibrary.com. http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Chick_Fraser_1871. Retrieved 2006-12-18. 
7. ^ "Career Leaders for Triples". Baseball-reference.com. http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/3B_career.shtml. Retrieved 2006-12-28. 
8. ^ "Iowa Sports Hall of Fame". Des Moines Register. http://desmoinesregister.com/sports/extras/hall/index.html. Retrieved 2006-11-03. ^{[dead link]}

External links

• Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
• Fred Clarke managerial career statistics at Baseball-Reference.com
• Fred Clarke at the Baseball Hall of Fame

Accomplishments
Sporting positions Preceded by Patsy Donovan Pittsburgh Pirates Manager 1900-1915 Succeeded by Nixey Callahan

Persondata
Name	Clarke, Fred
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	October 3, 1872
Place of birth	Winterset, Iowa
Date of death	August 14, 1960
Place of death	Winfield, Kansas