- Cyclone Vance
-
Severe Tropical Cyclone Vance Category 5 cyclone (Australian scale) Category 4 cyclone (SSHS) 
Cyclone Vance at peak intensity Formed 16 March 1999 Dissipated 23 March 1999 Highest winds 10-minute sustained:
215 km/h (130 mph)
1-minute sustained:
230 km/h (145 mph)
Gusts:
280 km/h (175 mph)Lowest pressure 910 mbar (hPa; 26.87 inHg) Fatalities None recorded Damage $100 million (1999 USD) Areas affected Northern Territory, Western Australia Part of the 1998–99 Australian region cyclone season Cyclone Vance was a tropical cyclone that struck Western Australia during the active 1998–99 Australian region cyclone season, and was also one of six tropical cyclones to form off the coast of Australia during that season. When making landfall the Learmonth Meteorological Office (35 km south of Exmouth) recorded the highest Australian wind gust of 267 km/h (166 mph).[1] The previous highest gust was 259 km/h (161 mph) at nearby Mardie during Cyclone Trixie of 1975.[2] This record was surpassed in 2010 after a world record wind-gust of 408 km/h (253 mph) at Barrow Island during Cyclone Olivia in 1996 was declared official by the World Meteorological Organisation.
Forming on 19 March 1999, in the Timor Sea, Vance then curved west-southwest where it recurved and struck the Pilbara coast of Western Australia on 22 March as a Category 5 cyclone on the Australian scale and dissipating the following day.
Vance caused severe damage across the western coast of Australia. The hardest hit town was Exmouth where 10 percent of the buildings sustained severe damage. However, because of advanced warnings there were no reports of fatalities.[2] Damage totaled $100 million (1999 USD).[3]
Contents
Meteorological history
Storm path
An area of low pressure formed on 16 March, six hundred miles northwest of Darwin, Australia. The storm then quickly reached tropical depression strength as it curved over the Northern Territory causing no damage.[4] On 18 March, the tropical depression intensified and became Tropical Storm Vance 325 miles (523 km) west of Darwin.
Interacting with a subtropical ridge, the storm moved westward and then southwestward where it reached Category 1 cyclone status on the 19th. The cyclone then continued southwestward, strengthening to a Category 5 storm overnight on 20 March with gusts of more than 280 km/h (175 mph) winds. Vance reached a pressure of 910 millibars (hPa) before curving to the south, heading towards the Exmouth Gulf.[1]
Vance then made landfall near Exmouth on 22 March as a strong Category 4 cyclone. Moving inland, the cyclone then turned a more south-southeasterly direction as before weakening to tropical storm status. Vance then became extratropical the next day, with its extratropical remnants being felt as far east as Tasmania.[4][5]
Preparations
Hundreds of people evacuated and authorities closed several roads. In addition, forecasters issued a red alert for the towns of Karratha, Onslow and Exmouth as the cyclone was predicted to bring strong damaging winds to that area while the areas south of the red alert warning area were put under a yellow alert or tropical storm warning. On the 22nd, forecasters predicted that Vance would make landfall between Onslow and Exmouth.[3][6]
Impact
Most intense Australian cyclones Rank Cyclone Season Min. pressure
mbar (hPa)1 Gwenda 1999 900 Inigo 2003 900 3 George 2007 902 4 Orson 1989 904 5 Theodore 1994 910 Vance 1999 910 Fay 2004 910 Glenda 2006 910 Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology The Learmonth Meteorological Office recorded a record gust of 267 km/h (166 mph) and a pressure of 937 millibars. At Onslow, a weather station reported winds gusting to 182 km/h (113 mph) and a barometric pressure of 978 millibars. A storm surge of 3.6 meters (11.8 ft) was reported in Exmouth. The surge caused severe beach erosion and sunk or damaged several barges. Wind damage in Exmouth was severe, as the storm destroyed over 110 homes and damaged over 220 others. In Onslow, the storm surge flooded several houses. Vance dropped 100 – 150 mm (3.9 – 5.9 inches) of rain over Western Australia. Some areas in the storm's impact reported rainfall totals of 200 – 300 mm (7.9 – 11.8 inches). The heavy rain brought by Vance caused severe flash-flooding that knocked out power and communications. Elsewhere, floodwaters washed out several roads and affected areas already impacted by Cyclone Elaine days earlier. The remnants of Vance produced gale-force winds that caused dust storms and knocked down powerlines, leaving 50,000 people without power.[2][5][6]
References
- ^ a b Bureau of Meteorology Tropical Cyclone Vance in Review. March 2000. URL Accessed: 30 December 2006
- ^ a b c Bureau of Meteorology BoM Report on Vance. March 2000. URL Accessed: 19 July 2006
- ^ a b NCDC (1999) NCDC Impact Report URL Accessed: 21 July 2006
- ^ a b Unisys Track of Vance URL Accessed: 19 July 2006
- ^ a b Gary Padgett report on Vance URL Accessed: 19 July 2006
- ^ a b Smith, Carl "A Tale of Two Cyclones URL Accessed: 21 July 2006
List of retired Australian cyclone names 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Categories:- Retired Australian region cyclones
- 1998–99 Australian region cyclone season
- Cyclones in Australia
- History of Western Australia
- 1999 in Australia
- Category 5 Australian region cyclones
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