Venus of Dolní Věstonice

The Venus of Dolní Věstonice ( _cz. Věstonická Venuše) is a Venus figurine, a ceramic statuette of a nude female figure dated to 29,000–25,000 BCE (Gravettian industry), which was found at a Paleolithic site in the Moravian basin south of Brno.

Description

This figurine, together with a few others from nearby locations, is the oldest known ceramic in the world, predating the use of fired clay [The body used is the local loess, with only traces of clay; there is no trace of surface burnishing or applied pigment. Pamela B. Vandiver, Olga Soffer, Bohuslav Klima and Jiři Svoboda, "The Origins of Ceramic Technology at Dolni Věstonice, Czechoslovakia", "Science", New Series, 246, No. 4933 (November 24, 1989:1002-1008). ] to make pottery. It has a height of 111 millimeters (4.4 inches), and a width of 43 millimeters (1.7 inches) at its widest point and is made of a clay body fired at a relatively low temperature.

The palaeolithic settlement of Dolní Věstonice in Moravia, then Czechoslovakia, now Czech Republic has been under systematic archaeological research since 1924, initiated by Karel Absolon. In addition to the Venus figurine, figures of animals - bear, lion, mammoth, horse, fox, rhino and owl - and more than 2,000 balls of burnt clay have been found at Dolní Věstonice.

The figurine was discovered on July 13, 1925 in a layer of ash, broken into two pieces. Once on display at the Moravian Museum in Brno, it is now protected and only rarely accessible to the public. Last time it was exhibited in the National Museum in Prague from 11 October, 2006 till 2 September, 2007 as a part of the exhibition "Lovci mamutů" ("The Mammoth Hunters"). [ [http://www.czech.cz/en/news/culture/mammoth-hunters-at-the-national-museum/ Mammoth Hunters at the National Museum] , information at the official website of the Czech Republic] [ [http://www.praguepost.com/articles/2006/10/18/primal-bohemia.php Primal Bohemia] , The Prague Post, October 18, 2006] [ [http://www.nm.cz/vystava-detail.php?f_id=100 Lovci mamutů] , information on the web of the National Museum cs icon] Scientists periodically examine the statuette. A tomograph scan in 2004 found a fingerprint of a child estimated at between 7 and 15 years of age, fired into the surface; the child who handled the figurine before it was fired is considered by Králík, Novotný and Oliva (2002) to be an unlikely candidate for its maker. [Citation
last1 = Králík
first1 = Miroslav
authorlink1 =
last2 = Novotný
first2 = Vladimír
last3 = Oliva
first3 = Martin
contribution =
title = Fingerprint on the Venus of Dolní Věstonice I
journal = Anthropologie
volume = 40/2, 2002
issue =
pages = 107–113
publisher = Moravské zemské muzeum, Brno, Czech Republic
year = 2002
url = http://www.mzm.cz/Anthropologie/abstrakty/2002-2/02-2Kralik.htm
doi =
id = ISSN: 0323-1119
access-date = 2007-03-24]

Gallery

See also

*Venus of Willendorf

References

;Citations and notes;General Information
* National Geographic Society. "Wonders of the Ancient World; National Geographic Atlas of Archaeology," Norman Hammond, Consultant, Nat'l Geogr. Soc., (Multiple Staff authors), (Nat'l Geogr., R.H.Donnelley & Sons, Willard, OH), 1994, 1999, Reg or Deluxe Ed., 304 pgs. Deluxe ed. photo (pg 248): "Venus, Dolni Věstonice, 24,000 B.C." In section titled: "The Potter's Art," pp 246-253.

External links

* [http://vm.kemsu.ru/en/palaeolith/plastic/dvestonice.html Overview]
* [http://donsmaps.com/dolnivenus.html Pictures of Venus and other ceramic]
* [http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi359.htm Details and timeline]