Zanzibar Red Colobus

Taxobox
name = Zanzibar Red ColobusMSW3 Groves | pages = 169-170]
status = EN
status_system = iucn3.1
status_ref = [IUCN2006 | assessors = Butynski, T. & Members of the Primate Specialist Group | year = 2000 | title = Procolobus kirkii | id = 39992 | downloaded = 2007-01-22]

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image_width = 220px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
familia = Cercopithecidae
genus = "Piliocolobus"
species = "P. kirkii"
binomial = "Piliocolobus kirkii"
binomial_authority = (Gray, 1868)

The Zanzibar Red Colobus ("Piliocolobus kirkii") is a species of red colobus monkey endemic to Unguja, the main island of the Zanzibar archipelago, off the coast of Tanzania. It is also known as Kirk's Red Colobus after Sir John Kirk (1832-1922), the British Resident of Zanzibar who first brought it to the attention of zoological science. It is now classified as an endangered species and in the mid-1990s was adopted as the flagship species for conservation in Zanzibar. [cite book | author = Pakenham, R.H.W. | year = 1984 | title = The Mammals of Zanzibar and Pemba Islands | location = Harpenden | publisher = privately printed] The species has also been reclassified twice; it was previously in the genus "Colobus", and more recently in the genus "Procolobus".

Description

This Old World monkey has a coat that ranges from dark red to black, accented with a black stripe along the shoulders and arms, and a pale underside. Its black face is crowned with long white hair, and features a distinguishing pink mark on its lips and nose. Also, the Zanzibar Red Colobus has a long tail used for balancing. Females have little difference in their body size and colour from their male counterparts, and usually outnumber the males in their groups.

Behaviour

The groups consist of up to four adult males and many adult females. Young of varying ages also are incorporated in the group. The number of monkeys in a group can range from thirty to fifty individuals. The monkeys are very social animals, and can often be observed playing and grooming during the rest periods between meals.

Feeding is also a group activity. It begins to feed in the morning, and are more active during the cooler parts of the day. Loud calls from males indicate the group is ready to move to another tree to feed. This monkey usually eat leaves, leaf shoots, seeds, flowers, and unripe fruit. It is one of the few species that do not eat ripe fruits; it has a four-chambered stomach, which cannot digest the sugars contained in the fruits. It also consumes charcoal, which is believed to aid their digestion of the toxins in the leaves.

The Zanzibar Red Colobus prefers drier areas over wet ones, such as coastal thickets and coastal rag scrub, but can also be found in agricultural areas and in mangrove swamps. When found in agricultural areas, the monkeys are more used to humans and come closer to the ground.

References

External links

*ARKive - [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Piliocolobus_kirkii/ images and movies of the Kirk's red colobus "(Piliocolobus kirkii)"]
* [http://www.dccff.com/ Department of Commercial Crops, Fruits & Forestry (DCCFF), Zanzibar]