Norman Robert Pogson

Infobox Scientist
name = Norman Robert Pogson
box_width =


image_width =150px
caption = Norman Robert Pogson
birth_date = March 23, 1829
birth_place = Nottingham
death_date = June 23, 1891
death_place =
residence =
citizenship =
nationality = English
ethnicity =
field = astronomy
work_institutions =
alma_mater =
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for =
author_abbrev_bot =
author_abbrev_zoo =
influences =
influenced =
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Norman Robert Pogson (born March 23, 1829 in Nottingham – died June 23, 1891) was an English astronomer.

By the time he was 18 years old, he had computed the orbits of two comets. He became an assistant at Radcliffe Observatory in Oxford, England in 1851. In 1860 he travelled to Madras, India, becoming the government astronomer. At the Madras Observatory he produced the Madras Catalogue of 11,015 stars. He also discovered five asteroids and six variable stars.

His most notable contribution was to note thatin the stellar magnitude system introduced by the
Greek astronomer Hipparchus, stars ofthe first magnitude were about a hundred times asbright as stars of the sixth magnitude. His suggestionin 1856 was to make this a standard, so each decrease in magnitude represented a decrease in brightness equal to the fifth-root of 100 (or about 2.512). The "Pogson Ratio" became the standard method of assigning magnitudes.

The magnitude relation is given as follows:

:$m\_\{2\}\; -\; m\_\{1\}\; =\; -2.5\; log\_\{10\}\; (L\_2\; /\; L\_1)$

where "m" is the stellar magnitude and "L" is the luminosity, for stars "1" and "2".

In 1868 and 1871, Pogson joined the Indian solar eclipse expeditions.

During his career he discovered a total of eight asteroids and 21 variable stars. He headed the Madras Observatory for 30 years until his death.

Honours

"The following celestial features are named after him:"
* Asteroid 1830 Pogson.
* Pogson crater on the Moon.

References

* [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0017//0000012.000.html Magnitudes of Thirty-six of the Minor Planets for the first day of each month of the year 1857] , N. Pogson, MNRAS 17 pp 12 1856 in which Pogson first introduced his magnitude system

External links

* [http://www.uranometrianova.pro.br/historia/hda/0002/pogson.htm Norman Robert Pogson - Irineu Gomes Varella] (Portuguese)