French Broad River

Infobox River
river_name = French Broad River


caption = French Broad River in Henderson County, North Carolina.
origin = Transylvania County, North Carolina.
mouth = Tennessee River at Knoxville
basin_countries = USA
length =
elevation =
discharge =
watershed = The French Broad River flows from near Rosman in Transylvania County, North Carolina, into Tennessee. Its confluence with the Holston River at Knoxville, Tennessee is considered to be the headwaters of the Tennessee River. It was originally named for being one of two broad rivers in western North Carolina . The one which flowed into French colonial territory was named the French Broad, and the other which stayed in English territory (the American colonies) was named the English Broad, now just the Broad River. A variant name of the French Broad River is Agiqua River, commonly seen on old maps.

The river begins west of the Eastern Continental Divide, and thereafter flows northwest through the Appalachian Mountains. The river follows a general northwesterly direction as it flows through Transylvania County, Henderson County, and Buncombe County. In Buncombe County, the river flows through the city of Asheville, where it picks up the Swannanoa River. Downstream of Asheville, the river proceeds north through Madison County, where it flows through the county seat of Marshall. In Cocke County, Tennessee the river picks up the Pigeon River and the Nolichucky River, after which it is impounded behind Douglas Dam. In Sevier County, Tennessee it picks up the Little Pigeon River, then flows through a wide gap in Bays Mountain before joining the Holston River at Knoxville.

The Tennessee portion of the French Broad was designated a state scenic river by the Tennessee Scenic Rivers Act of 1968. Approximately 33 river miles in Cocke County, Tennessee, starting at the North Carolina border and extending downstream to the confluence with Douglas Lake, are designated as Class III, Partially Developed.

The lower portion of the river is the site of a major hydroelectric dam development of the Tennessee Valley Authority, Douglas Dam, which is one of the larger TVA developments on a Tennessee River tributary stream. Douglas, like many of the older TVA facilities in East Tennessee, was initially developed largely to meet the electric power demands of World War II defense industries.

Wilma Dykeman's 1955 book "The French Broad" chronicles the river. The book brought public attention to concerns about the polluted condition of the river.

Crossings

The following is a partial list of crossings of the French Broad from Brevard to the confluence with the Tennessee River. (Note: this list may at times be incomplete)

North Carolina
*Transylvania and Henderson Counties
**Patton Bridge
**Crab Creek Road
**Blantyre Road
**Etowah School Road in Etowah
**McLean Bridge (U.S. 64) in Etowah
**Johnson Bridge
**Kings Bridge
**Boylston Highway (N.C. 280) at the Asheville Regional Airport
*Buncombe County/Asheville
**Glenn Bridge
**Long Shoals Bridge in Skyland
**Blue Ridge Parkway
**Interstate 26
**Interstate 40 at the Biltmore Estate
**Carrier Bridge in Asheville
**Haywood Road in Asheville
**Smith Bridge in Asheville
**Interstate 26/Interstate 240/U.S. 19/U.S. 74 in Asheville
**Pearson Bridge in Asheville
**Old Leicester Highway in Craggy
**Fletcher Martin Road
*Madison County
**Two Bridges connecting Marshall to Blennerhasset Island
**Little Pine Road
**Barnard Road in Barnard (Put-in for Sec. IV of the French Broad River)
**(U.S. 25)/(U.S. 70) in Hot Springs

Tennessee
*Cocke County
**Wolf Creek Bridge
**Bridge in Del Rio
**James T Huff Bridge (U.S. 25/U.S. 70)
**U.S. 321 in Newport
**Holt Town Road
*Douglas Lake to Knoxville
**Interstate 40 and Swann Bridge (U.S. 70) over Douglas Lake
**James D. Hoskins Bridge in Dandridge
**Douglas Dam Road
**TN 66 at Sevierville
**Several golf cart path bridges over the Cain Islands
**Doctor JH Gammondale Bridge in Marbledale

ee also

*List of North Carolina rivers
*List of Tennessee rivers

External links

* [http://www.riverlink.org/ RiverLink]
* [http://www.ashevillenc.com/french_broad.html French Broad River article]
* [http://www.frenchbroadrafting.com/ Whitewater Rafting and History of the French Broad River near Asheville NC]
* [http://www.ashevillenow.com/s_outdoorActivities/fishing.asp Guide to Fishing the French Broad River and other WNC Rivers and Lakes]
* [http://www.knoxcounty.org/frenchbroad/pdfs/fbrbguide.pdf The French Broad River Blueway Paddling Guide] , Knox County Parks Department, Knoxville, Tennessee
* [http://www.frenchbroadwatershed.com Watershed: A Survey of the French Broad River Basin] , A photo essay documenting the river.